Research In Teacher Education - Volume 13, No. 1. Jun 2023
Research In Teacher Education - Volume 13, No. 1. Jun 2023
Editorial
We begin this issue of RiTE with an article by Mairéad Holden, Stephanie O’Reilly and John Paul Mynott, exemplifying the ways in which digital innovations in teacher education have continued to evolve since the Coronavirus pandemic. In a study that took place in Scotland and Ireland, the authors focus on their facilitation of two different online lesson study projects.
Reception teachers frequently report feeling a tension between the development of children’s academic knowledge and skills and their development within prime areas of learning (communication and language; personal, social and emotional development and physical development). Anna Gawthorpe and Kevin Campbell Davidson’s action research project sought to develop a research-informed approach to implementing guided play in the teaching of early number concepts that simultaneously addressed these prime areas of learning with a focus on physical development.
Conservatoires offer intensive musical training with an emphasis on preparation for careers in performance. Luan Shaw’s article details a pilot study undertaken at a UK conservatoire where a focus group discussion enabled three final year undergraduate music students to become partners in the research process. In speaking openly about their learning trajectories across a four-year period of study in the conservatoire, these students reflected on their evolving attitudes towards careers in instrumental teaching, whilst challenging institutional perceptions of what constitutes a successful musician.
It has been a decade since the Department for Education introduced the policy of performance-related pay (PRP) to schools across England. The dominance of neoliberal ideology, along with the culture of high stakes testing, performativity and accountability within the profession, has led many teachers to reassess their position as policy actors. Ammal Farzana Gillani’s article focuses on the policy of PRP in England and examines how it has affected teachers. The author concludes by stating that the rise of performativity, tests and accountability through such neoliberal policies as PRP, has led many teachers to reassess their position as policy actors, and come to a realisation of how PRP has, evidently, reduced their autonomy within the profession.
Drawing on work carried out for her Master’s thesis, Rebecca Holmes focuses on the experience of non German parents whose children have been diagnosed with Special and/or additional Educational Needs (SEN) whilst living in Bavaria, Germany.
The rationale for her research is the lived experience within the researcher’s own expatriate community, where children with SEN can be actively excluded from their local primary and secondary schools or international schools. Suggestions for improvement include better staff and teacher training, having access to English-speaking professionals, the provision of a dedicated case manager, more information in English and greater access provision to English speaking parent support groups.
The theory of status, applied by Ovenden-Hope (2022) to the current crisis of teacher shortages, helps to identify one of the underlying factors that impact teachers entering the teaching workforce in England. In his appreciative response to her paper in an earlier edition of this periodical, Huw Humphreys argues that the structural factors that have come about with the neoliberal policy agenda of the last 40 years have impacted the status of teaching and the educative purpose, and that without a clear understanding of, and willingness to oppose, these structural factors, it is unlikely that we will solve the recruitment/retention challenge.
In a powerful piece by Sarah-Jayne Gonzalez and Hannah Holdgate, the authors argue that the role of the early years practitioner and their disposition, individuality and professional knowledge, alongside the concepts of love, care and compassion, have become of increasing interest to researchers. Yet, love is a word that is not ordinarily used in early years education and care contexts in England (Cousins, 2017). Along with the researchers’ personal experience in early years settings, their article explores, defines, and, ultimately, yields a better understanding of practitioners’ views of love and care, and its place in early childhood education and care.
The book review for this issue of RiTE is provided by Corinna Richards, an EdD student at the University of East London.
As always, we hope that you enjoy the collection of articles and reviews in this issue of the periodical. If you are interested in writing for this publication, please contact members of the editorial team.
Articles
Facilitation of trialogic spaces: reflections from Irish and Scottish online lesson studies
Abstract:
Digital innovations in teacher education have continued to evolve since the Coronavirus pandemic. As such, there has been recognition of the need to further examine the affordances and constraints of digitally mediated learning environments (Brown-Wilsher, 2021; White & Zimmerman, 2021). In response, this paper draws on the concept of trialogue (Hakkarainen, 2009), i.e. technology mediated dialogue, where digital tools are drawn on to make deliberate building and creation of knowledge accessible. Trialogue involves iterative communication and exchange of ideas in order to develop shared objects (Paavola & Hakkarainen, 2014), which can consist of artefacts, for example, lesson plans; and practices, such as pedagogical techniques. The paper focuses on two different Online Lesson Study projects facilitated by the authors, which took place in Scotland and Ireland. Insights gleaned from each project illustrating trialogue in action are shared, in order to illuminate the potential of trialogic space for enabling teachers’ collaborative learning.
Keywords: Collaborative Learning; Trialogue
Cite as: Mairéad Holden, Stephanie O’Reilly and John Paul Mynott (2023) 'Facilitation of trialogic spaces: reflections from Irish and Scottish online lesson studies' Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13, No 1.
Mairéad Holden, Stephanie O’Reilly, John Paul Mynott
School of STEM Education, Innovation and Global Studies, Institute of Education, Dublin City University, Ireland, and School of Education, University of Aberdeen, UK
Pages 7-12
Facilitation of trialogic spaces: reflections from Irish and Scottish online lesson studies
Active learners in numeracy: implementing guided play for early numeracy learning
Anna Gawthorpe
University of East London
Kevin Campbell Davidson
Goldsmiths, University of London
Abstract
Reception teachers frequently report a tension between the development of children’s academic knowledge and skills and that of the prime areas of learning (communication and language, personal, social and emotional development and physical development). This is particularly pertinent when considering support for children from disadvantaged backgrounds, who are often adversely affected by environmental factors. Play-based pedagogies, such as guided play, have the potential to address this tension; however, further practical guidance is needed on implementation. This action research project sought to develop a research-informed approach to implementing guided play in the teaching of early number concepts, which, simultaneously, addressed the prime areas of learning with a focus on physical development. A toolkit of activities and resources was developed and delivered in five schools, for 150 children. Naturalistic observation data was gathered from teachers from each school. Key observations are shared that explore how children’s number sense develops through multisensory and socially interactive approaches. An evaluation of the practical limitations of the project offers insights that may support other teacher-researchers.
Keywords: socio-economic disadvantage, guided-play, number, physical development
Cite as: Anna Gawthorpe and Kevin Campbell Davidson (2023) 'Active learners in numeracy: implementing guided play for early numeracy learning' Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13, No 1.
Anna Gawthorpe and Kevin Campbell Davidson
University of East London and Goldsmiths, University of London
Pages 13-20
Active learners in numeracy: implementing guided play for early numeracy learning
'If you’re a teacher, you’re a failed musician’: exploring hegemony in a UK conservatoire
Abstract:
Conservatoires offer intensive musical training with an emphasis on preparation for careers in performance. In contrast, instrumental teaching is often perceived as a second-class profession or a ‘fall-back career’ (Bennett, 2012). A pilot study undertaken at a UK conservatoire enabled a group of three final-year undergraduate music students to reflect on their personal learning trajectories via a questionnaire and a focus-group discussion. Taking into account their musical backgrounds and social influences, both prior to, and throughout, their conservatoire training, participants revealed hegemonic attitudes around teaching as a potential career path that were culturally informed, but which appeared to evolve over time. The emerging themes – aspiration/prejudice, exploration/uncertainty and transformation/passion – are considered together with Bourdieu’s interrelated theoretical concepts (habitus, capital and field), forming a developmental model.
Keywords: conservatoire; instrumental teacher education; hegemony; music education workforce
Cite as: Luan Shaw (2023) 'If you’re a teacher, you’re a failed musician’: exploring hegemony in a UK conservatoire'. Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13 (No.1).
Luan Shaw
Royal Birmingham Conservatoire, Birmingham City University, UK
Pages 21-27
'If you’re a teacher, you’re a failed musician’: exploring hegemony in a UK conservatoire
The impact of performance-related pay in teaching: is it fair for all?
Ammal Farzana Gillani
Brunel University London
Abstract:
It has been a decade since the Department for Education (DfE) introduced the policy of performance-related pay (PRP) to schools across England. They sold the package to schools by stating, ‘The new arrangements provide increased flexibility for schools to develop pay policies tailored to their particular needs’ (DfE, 2013a). However, drawing on existing research, I illustrate in this paper the detrimental impact PRP has continued to have on the teaching profession. PRP has not only contributed to the continued gender pay gap among teachers, but has further disadvantaged and targeted teachers who are from marginalised groups in society. The dominance of neoliberal ideology, along with the culture of high-stakes testing, performativity and accountability within the profession, has led many teachers to reassess their position as policy actors. The relationship between government policymaking and the enactment of policy within schools, and thereby retention, is increasingly becoming a problem within the profession, and therefore needs to be reviewed.
Keywords: performance-related pay (PRP); policymaking; neoliberalism; policy enactment; performativity; ethnicity; gender pay gap
Cite as: Ammal Farzana Gillani (2023) 'The impact of performance-related pay in teaching: is it fair for all?' Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13, No 1.
Ammal Farzana Gillani
Brunel University London
Pages 28-33
The impact of performance-related pay in teaching: is it fair for all?
Ausländerzentralregister parents’ experiences of SEN diagnosis and support in international and local schools in Germany
Abstract:
Drawing on more extensive work carried out for a Master’s thesis (Holmes, 2022), this article will focus on the experience of non-German parents whose children have been diagnosed with Special and/or additional Educational Needs (SEN) whilst living in Bavaria, Germany. The rationale for this research is the lived experience within the researcher’s own expatriate community, where children with SEN can be actively excluded from their local primary and secondary schools or international schools. The researcher wished to bring the frontline reality of these families into focus and give a voice to this minority group. Twenty-eight participants responded to a mixed methods online questionnaire, giving information pertaining to the experience of the SEN diagnostic process, the support offered to the child and their parents both in school and via other agencies, and the educational, social and emotional outcomes. Both quantitative and thematic analysis were employed to explore the data. The findings show that SEN diagnosis is not easy for Ausländerzentralregister (AZR; register of foreigners) families, they felt unsupported and found it challenging to understand the process. Intervention following diagnosis was reported to be somewhat successful, but was, often, not comprised of in-class support or differentiation. Suggestions for improvement include better staff and teacher training, having access to English-speaking professionals, a case manager, information in English, more positive communication and English-speaking parent support groups.
Keywords: SEN; Immigration; AZR; Germany; Bavaria; Inclusion
Cite as: Rebecca Holmes (2023) ‘Ausländerzentralregister parents’ experiences of SEN diagnosis and support in international and local schools in Germany'. Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13(No.1).
Rebecca Holmes
University of East London
Pages 34-40
A status-based crisis of teacher shortages? A discussion
Abstract:
The theory of status, applied by Ovenden-Hope (2022) to the current crisis of teacher shortages, helps to identify one of the underlying factors that impact teachers entering the teaching workforce in England. In this appreciative response to her paper, I argue that the structural factors that have come about with the neoliberal policy agenda of the last 40 years have impacted the status of teaching and the educative purpose, and that without a clear understanding of, and willingness to oppose, these structural factors, it is unlikely that we will solve the recruitment/retention challenge. These factors contribute to the low esteem in which teachers are held because of their perceived short period of training; public knowledge and curriculum access; the reconfiguring of teachers from knowledgeable guides to deliverers of content; and the co-option of the teaching profession as an arm of the state. The neoliberal or marketised teleology of education militates against the historic status of the teacher, and it is unlikely that teacher status will improve while they are teaching in an education system geared to the production of economically active adults
Keywords: teacher status; teleology of education; retention; recruitment
Cite as: Huw Humphreys (2023) 'A status-based crisis of teacher shortages? A discussion'. Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13 (No.1).
Huw Humphreys
University of East London
Pages 41-43
Is there a place for love in early childhood education and care in England? Early years educators’ beliefs
Abstract:
The importance of love for young children is well documented. Increasing numbers of young children are spending time in early years settings. The recent Government policy announcement of free childcare for children from nine months is likely to increase the number of babies attending early years settings, so the concept of love within early years education and childcare has never been more important. However, the qualifications that enable someone to work within an early years setting in England do not mention love. Similarly, love does not feature within the Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage, which those working with our youngest children must follow. This research identified polarised opinions regarding the place of love within early childhood education and care, with some practitioners clearly uncomfortable with the idea of loving children who are not their own, whilst others believing that loving the children you work with is vital.
Keywords: Love; Early years education and care; Professional Love; Loving pedagogy; Early years training
Cite as: Sarah-Jayne Gonzalez and Hannah Holdgate (2023) ‘Is there a place for love in early childhood education and care in England? Early years educators’ beliefs'. Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13(No.1).
Sarah-Jayne Gonzalez & Hannah Holdgate
Plymouth Marjon University, Plymouth, UK
Pages 44-49
Justifying an EdD student’s research method for exploring the educational experiences of South Asian Muslim females.
Abstract:
My current research topic as an Educational Doctoral (EdD) student involves the fusing of race, gender and religion. A thesis attempting to explore these facets was fated to be one with a tumultuous methodology. The educational experiences of ethnic minorities are well documented (Troyna, 1991; Haque, 2000; Pearce & Lewis, 2019) and thus, the task of selecting an appropriate method to assist the researcher in this thesis was a challenging one. As such, the synoptic methodology presented in this article is an attempt to portray the journey of an EdD student that debates the decision to use the following research methods: (1) classroom observations, (2) individual interviews with pupils and teachers, and (3) focus group interviews with pupils; as well as her justification for selecting Thematic Analysis for analysing the data produced from these methods using Braun & Clarke’s (2022) guidelines.
Keywords: Muslim religion; unheard voices; South Asian female
Cite as: Fehmida Iqbal (2023) ‘Justifying an EdD student’s research method for exploring the educational experiences of South Asian Muslim females.'. Research in Teacher Education, Vol 13 (No.1).
Fehmida Iqbal
Hallsville Primary School, Agate Momentum Trust, EdD Student at the University of East London
Pages 49-53
Book Reviews
The Palgrave Handbook Of Imposter Syndrome In Higher Education
Editors: Michelle Addison, Maddie Breeze and Yvette Taylor
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022
ISBN:9783030865696
This book was a gift. A gift in the literal and metaphorical sense. At £150, a very generous benefaction indeed! And, as a 2022 tome on the exact subject of my EdD thesis, regardless of how good it was, it was a gift. An up to date take on imposter phenomenon – what was not to love!?! And, at the risk of stretching the metaphor too far, it is the gift that keeps on giving. It contains 37 chapters and 633 pages, with over 66 contributors, all talking about the experience of imposter phenomenon while either studying or working in higher education. It is a treasure trove of experiences. This gift really has not just been for Christmas. Now I’ve shown you the wrapping paper, let me take you inside.
Reviewed by Corinna Richards
University of East London
Page 54
The Palgrave Handbook Of Imposter Syndrome In Higher Education