Therapeutic Approaches - University of East London (UEL)

This page provides evidence-based research that utilised a variety of therapeutic models including Cognitive-Behavioural, Culturally-Sensitive, EMDR, Narrative, Psychodynamic, Systemic Family, Creative Arts therapies, etc., to treat refugee and asylum seeking population.

We would like to express our deepest appreciation to researchers, mental health experts and practitioners whose work has been cited below, enriching our portal and practice of professionals working with refugees and asylum seekers.

Papers below have been researched and compiled by Dr Farkhondeh Farsimadan, a Chartered Counselling Psychologist who is an Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society and an HCPC registered psychologist.

Please use links below to access the research papers. For some papers multiple available links are provided as some links may eventually stop working.

Biological Therapy

Askovic, M. et al. (2020). Evaluation of neurofeedback for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder related to refugee experiences using self-report and cognitive ERP measures. Clinical EEG Neuroscience, 51,2,79-86. DOI: 10.1177/1550059419849170
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31132893/
Askovic, M., Watters, A.J., Aroche, J., & Harris, A.W.F. (2017). Neurofeedback as an adjunct therapy for treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder related to refugee trauma and torture experiences: two case studies. Australasian Psychiatry, 25,4,358-363.doi: 10.1177/1039856217715988
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28699778
Bogner, D., Herlihy, J., & Brewin, C. (2007). Impact of sexual violence on disclosure during Home Office interviews. British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 75 – 81. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.030262.
http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/191/1/75

Bhui, K. (2018). Cultural neuroscience: ideas worth knowing. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 72, sup1, S5-S8. DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647
https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647

Brewin, C. (2011). The Nature and Significance of Memory Disturbance in Post traumatic Stress Disorder. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 7, 203 – 227.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21219190

Bryant, R. (2015). The effects of refugee experience on the brain.NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
https://www.startts.org.au/media/Professor-Richard-Bryant_STARTTS-Research-Symposium-2015.pdf
Buchmuller, T. et al. (2020). Exploring hair steroid concentrations in asylum seekers, internally displaced refugees, and immigrants. Stress, 23,5, 538-545. DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1737008
https://doi.org/10.1080/10253890.2020.1737008
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32116089/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10253890.2020.1737008?journalCode=ists20
Clark, R. (2017). Impact of trauma on childhood development: implications for the education and social prowess of refugee children. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_STARTTS-Clinical-Evening_Child-Educational-Competencies_Prof-Richard-Clark_14-March2017.pdf

Doherty, S.M., Craig, R., Gardani, M., & Mcmillan, T. M. (2016). Head injury in asylum seekers and refugees referred with psychological trauma. Global Mental Health, 3.doi:10.1017/gmh.2016.23
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309080993_Head_injury_in_asylum_seekers_and_refugees_referred_with_psychological_trauma
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/global-mental-health/article/head-injury-in-asylum-seekers-and-refugees-referred-with-psychological-trauma/4E6FA5E31EEAC5A4A4AF9884E4CF72B4
https://doi.org/10.1017/gmh.2016.23
Graham, B., Herlihy, J., & Brewin, C. (2014). Over-general memory in asylum seekers and refugees. Journal of Behaviour Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry, 45,375-380.
http://csel.org.uk/assets/images/resources/graham-herlihy-brewin-2014-jbtep/graham-herlihy-brewin-overgeneral-memory.pdf

Halpern, N. (2016). “Come into my Parlour” said the spider to the fly: Complex trauma and betrayal. Refugee trauma and dissociation: reintegrating lost parts of the being. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clin-Ev-Presentation_Naomi-Halpern_30May2016.pdf

Herlihy, J., Scragg, P., & Turner, S. (2002). Discrepancies in autobiographical memories - implications for the assessment of asylum seekers: Repeated interviews study. British Medical Journal, 324.
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7333.324
https://www.bmj.com/content/324/7333/324

Herlihy, J. & Turner, S. (2007). Memory and seeking asylum. European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling, 9,3, 267-276.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13642530701496872

Herlihy, J. & Turner, S. (2007). Asylum claims and memory of trauma: sharing our knowledge. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 191, 1, 3-4. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.034439.
http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/191/1/3
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/BDBD0282E250630BAA81C03D330AA141/S0007125000172770a.pdf/asylum_claims_and_memory_of_trauma_sharing_our_knowledge.pdf

Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S. G., Pollack, M. H., & Otto, M. W. (2009). Mechanisms of efficacy of CBT for Cambodian refugees with PTSD: Improvement in emotion regulation and orthostatic blood pressure response. CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics, 15, 255–263. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949. 2009.00100.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2009.00100.x/full

Liddell, B. (2017). How Culture Shapes the Brain: Implications for Neural Mechanisms Underlying PTSD in Refugees. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clinical-Master-Class_Cultural-Variations-PTSD-Neuroscience_Dr-Belinda-Liddell_2Aug2017.pdf

Liddle, B. (2016). latest on neuroscience and trauma. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.https://www.startts.org.au/media/Slides_STARTTS-Research-Symposium-Nov-2016_Dr-Belinda-Liddell.pdf
Lies, J. et al. (2019). Prevalence of sleep disturbance and its relationships with mental health and psychosocial issues in refugees and asylum seekers attending psychological services in Australia. Sleep Health, 5,4, 335-343.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleh.2019.06.002
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31320291/
Matosin, N. (2019). Trauma-related genetic, epigenetic and molecular factors contributing to mental illness – what do we know? NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
https://www.startts.org.au/media/Slides_Dr-Natalie-Matosin_STARTTS-Research-Symposium_6Nov2019.pdf
McPherson, J.I. (2019). Traumatic brain injury among refugees and asylum seekers. Disability and Rehabilitation, 41,10, 1238-1242. DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1422038
https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1422038
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09638288.2017.1422038
Mewes, R. et al. (2017). Elevated hair cortisol concentrations in recently fled asylum seekers in comparison to permanently settled immigrants and non-immigrants. Translational Psychiatry, 7,7,3, e1051. DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.14.
https://www.nature.com/articles/tp201714
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28267148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5416663/

Mollica, R.F., Lyoo, I.K., Chernoff, M.C., Bui, H.X., Lavelle, J., Yoon, S.J., Kim, J.E., & Renshaw, P.F. (2009). Brain structural abnormalities and mental health sequelae in South Vietnamese ex-political detainees who survived traumatic head injury and torture. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66,1221-1232. doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.127
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/210410
Murdoch, S. (2017). Impact of trauma on the developing brain. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_STARTTS-Clinical-Evening_Child-Educational-Competencies_Sejla-Murdoch_14-March2017.pdf

Ponsford, J. et al. (2020). The impact of cultural background on outcome following traumatic brain injury. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 30,1, 85-100. DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2018.1453367
https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2018.1453367
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09602011.2018.1453367?src=recsys
Pordily, S. (2017). Who am I? A journey of self- discovery through the lenses of culture. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clinical-Master-Class_Cultural-Variations-PTSD-Neuroscience_Shaheen-Pordily_2Aug2017.pdf
Richter, K. et al. (2020). Sleep disorders in migrants and refugees: a systematic review with implications for personalised medical approach. EPMA Journal, 11,2, 251-260. DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00205-2.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32549917/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13167-020-00205-2#citeas

Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy

Alatiq, Y., & Alrshoud, H. (2018). Family-based cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder with family accommodation: case report from Saudi Arabia. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 11, E14. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1800017X.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1800017X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/familybased-cognitive-behavioural-therapy-for-obsessivecompulsive-disorder-with-family-accommodation-case-report-from-saudi-arabia/93CF2ECF70F197D1201C681AB7387C65
Algahtani, H. et al. (2019). Cultural adaptation of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression and anxiety in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain: a qualitative study exploring views of patients, carers, and mental health professionals. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E44. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1900028X.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1900028X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/cultural-adaptation-of-cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt-for-patients-with-depression-and-anxiety-in-saudi-arabia-and-bahrain-a-qualitative-study-exploring-views-of-patients-carers-and-mental-health-professionals/9A3F03C81FB18060A94237709D06D4D1
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Bahu, M. (2019). War, trauma and culture: working with Tamil refugees and asylum seekers using culturally adapted CBT. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E46. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1900031X.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1900031X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/war-trauma-and-culture-working-with-tamil-refugees-and-asylum-seekers-using-culturally-adapted-cbt/BD16CE629AAF2E61AF138C712AB290C7
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Beck, A. (2019). Understanding Black and Minority Ethnic service user's experience of racism as part of the assessment, formulation and treatment of mental health problems in cognitive behaviour therapy. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E8. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000223
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000223
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/understanding-black-and-minority-ethnic-service-users-experience-of-racism-as-part-of-the-assessment-formulation-and-treatment-of-mental-health-problems-in-cognitive-behaviour-therapy/C3C7754B1C34A0FC12B9B450EB871C2B
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Berry, K. et al. (2018). Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI): case examples from therapists’ perspectives. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 11, E13. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/culturally-adapted-family-intervention-cafi-case-examples-from-therapists-perspectives/AD3F5F5D0F344AE7761655EBE729A585
Brooks, M. (2019). The importance of using reflective practice when working with refugees, asylum seekers and survivors of torture within IAPT. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E16. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000023
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000023
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/importance-of-using-reflective-practice-when-working-with-refugees-asylum-seekers-and-survivors-of-torture-within-iapt/9519C84ADA62B92EFBA479836F74E819
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Brunett, A.E. et al. (2020). Migrations, trauma and mental health: a literature update on psychological assessment. Encephale, S0013-7006,20, 30120-2. DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.03.009
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2020.03.009
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32576365/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013700620301202?via%3Dihub
Chessell, Z. et al. (2019). A protocol for managing dissociative symptoms in refugee populations – CORRIGENDUM. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E48. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000345
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000345
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/protocol-for-managing-dissociative-symptoms-in-refugee-populations-corrigendum/5BFA1B531F5C014F08AE7AAD51016ED2
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Chessell, Z. et al. (2019). A protocol for managing dissociative symptoms in refugee populations. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E27. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000114
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000114
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/protocol-for-managing-dissociative-symptoms-in-refugee-populations/1B09AB58101DF7AD547C6B72AFD5D16F
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Crumlish, N., & O’Rourke, K. (2010). A systematic review of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 198, 237 – 251.
http://journals.lww.com/jonmd/Abstract/2010/04000/A_Systematic_Review_of_Treatments_for.1.aspx

D’Ardenne, P., Capuzzo, N., Ruaro, L., & Priebe, S. (2005). One size fits all? Cultural sensitivity in a psychological service for traumatised refugees. Diversity in Health & Social Care, 2, 1.
http://diversityhealthcare.imedpub.com/one-size-fits-all-cultural-sensitivity-in-a-psychological-service-for-traumatised-refugees.php?aid=2596

D’Ardenne, P., Ruaro, L., Cestari, L., Fakhoury, W., & Priebe, S. (2007). Does interpreted-mediated cognitive behaviour therapy with traumatic refugee people work? Behavioural & Cognitive Psychotherapy, 35, 293 – 301.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465807003645
de la Rie, S.M. (2020). Feasibility of narrative exposure therapy in an outpatient day treatment programme for refugees: improvement in symptoms and global functioning. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 11,1. DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1759983
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1759983
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2020.1759983

Drozdek, B., Kamperman, A., Tol, W., Knipscheer, J., & Kleber, R. (2013). Is legal status impacting outcomes of group therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder with male asylum seekers and refugees from Iran & Afghanistan? BioMed Central Psychiatry, 13,148.
http://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-244X-13-148

Ehntholt, K., Smith, P., & Yule, W. (2005). School-based cognitive behavioural therapy group intervention for refugee children who have experienced war-related trauma. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 10, 2, 235-250.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1359104505051214

Ehntholt, K.A. & Yule, W. (2006). Assessment and treatment of refugee children and adolescents who have experienced war-related trauma. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47, 12, 1197 – 1210.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17176375
Farhadi Langroudi, K., & Skinta, M. (2019). Working with gender and sexual minorities in the context of Islamic culture: a queer Muslim behavioural approach. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E21. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000096
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000096
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/working-with-gender-and-sexual-minorities-in-the-context-of-islamic-culture-a-queer-muslim-behavioural-approach/CE597208000F0861FA7B7A4BD19E83FD
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Gary, J., & Rubin, N.S. (2014). A first person account of the refugee experience: identifying psychosocial stressors and formulating psychological responses. Psychology International, APA.
http://www.apa.org/international/pi/2014/12/global-violence.aspx
Grech, P. & Grech, R. (2020). A comparison of Narrative Exposure Therapy and Non-Trauma-Focused Treatment in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 41,2, 91-101. DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2019.1650853
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01612840.2019.1650853

Grey, N. & Young, K. (2008). Cognitive behaviour therapy with refugees and asylum seekers experiencing traumatic stress symptoms. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 36, 1, 3 – 19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465807003918

Haddad, H. (2015). Client case study: Utilising imaginal exposure therapy with multiple traumatic experiences. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/Clin-Ev-Presentation_Heyam-Haddad_Exposure-Techniques_18Nov2015.pdf

Hijazi, A.M., Lumley, M.A., Ziadni, M.S., Haddad, L., Rapport, L.J. & Arnetz, B.B. (2014). Brief Narrative Exposure Therapy for Post traumatic Stress in Iraqi Refugees: A Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 27,3, 314–322. doi:
10.1002/jts.21922
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4080404/

Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S. G., Pollack, M. H., & Otto, M. W. (2009). Mechanisms of efficacy of CBT for Cambodian refugees with PTSD: Improvement in emotion regulation and orthostatic blood pressure response. CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics, 15, 255–263. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949. 2009.00100.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2009.00100.x/full

Hinton, D.E. & Jalal, B. (2014). Guidelines for the implementation of culturally sensitive cognitive behavioural therapy among refugees and in global contexts. Intervention, 12, 1, 78 – 93.
https://www.interventionjournal.com/content/guidelines-implementation-culturally-sensitive-cognitive-behavioural-therapy-among-refugees
https://www.interventionjournal.com/sites/default/files/Hinton%202014%20I%20guidelines%20implementation%20culturally%20sensitive%20CBT.pdf

Hinton, D. E., Rivera, E. I., Hofmann, S. G., Barlow, D. H., & Otto, M. W. (2012). Adapting CBT for traumatised refugees and ethnic minority patients: Examples from culturally adapted CBT (CA-CBT). Transcultural Psychiatry, 49,2, 340–365. doi:10.1177/1363461512441595.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1363461512441595

Humphrey, L. (2015). Exposure therapy techniques in the treatment of Complex PTSD. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/Clin-Ev-Presentation_Dr-Leanne-Humphrey_Exposure-Techniques_18Nov2015.pdf

Jackson, L. C., Schmutzer, P. A., Wenzel, A., & Tyler, J. D. (2006). Applicability of cognitive-behaviour therapy with American-Indian individuals. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43,4, 506–517. doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.506
http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.506
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-23019-012

Jalal, B., Kruger, Q., & Hinton, D. H. (2017). Adaptation of CBT for a Traumatized South African indigenous group (Sepedi): Examples from culturally adapted somatic-focused CBT (CA-CBT). Cognitive and Behavioural Practice.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.07.003
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077722917300755

Jalal, B., Samir, W. S., & Hinton, D. E. (2017). Adaptation of CBT for traumatised Egyptians: Examples from culturally adapted CBT (CA-CBT). Cognitive and Behavioural Practice, 24, 58–71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.03.001
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077722916300049
Jankowska, M. (2019). Cultural modifications of cognitive behavioural treatment of social anxiety among culturally diverse clients: a systematic literature review. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E7. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000211
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000211
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/cultural-modifications-of-cognitive-behavioural-treatment-of-social-anxiety-among-culturally-diverse-clients-a-systematic-literature-review/03861CD5BF1335EDD1364D65CB2F9556
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Kada, R. (2019). Cultural adaptations of CBT for the British Jewish Orthodox community. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E4. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000120
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000120
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt-for-the-british-jewish-orthodox-community/6E04E6794651026CF5C7B323B78468F6
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Kananian, S., Ayoughi, S., Farugie, A., Hinton, D. & Stangier, U. (2017). Transdiagnostic culturally adapted CBT with Farsi-speaking refugees: a pilot study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8, Supp 2. 1390362, DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1390362.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2017.1390362

Kaminer, D. & Eagle, T. G. (2017). Interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the evidence base. South African Journal of Psychology, 47,1, 7-22.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0081246316646950
King, D., & Said, G. (2019). Working with unaccompanied asylum-seeking young people: cultural considerations and acceptability of a cognitive behavioural group approach. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E11. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/working-with-unaccompanied-asylumseeking-young-people-cultural-considerations-and-acceptability-of-a-cognitive-behavioural-group-approach/9CDBD16736466CA77315DFEF27E89BA8
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Lindegaard, T. et al (2020). Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and anxiety among Arabic-speaking individuals in Sweden: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2020.1771414
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/16506073.2020.1771414
Mcpherson, J. (2012). Does Narrative Therapy reduce PTSD in survivors of mass violence? Research on Social Work Practice, 22,1,29-42.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731511414147

Mayuran. S. (2016). No home to go to: Working with a Sri Lankan Tamil asylum seeker who are in the process of deportation. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/Clin-Even-Presentation_Asylum-Seekers-Forced-Home_Sivaharani-Mayuran_10Aug2016.pdf

Miller-Graff, L.E. & Campion, K. (2016). Interventions for Post traumatic Stress with Children Exposed to Violence: Factors Associated with Treatment Success. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 72, 3, 226-248.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jclp.22238/full
Mir, G. et al. (2019). Delivering a culturally adapted therapy for Muslim clients with depression. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E26. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000059
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000059
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/delivering-a-culturally-adapted-therapy-for-muslim-clients-with-depression/B3457DB393BFD4C3B241AF32DBA2EE88
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Morantes, M & Perez, D. (2017). The re- blossoming of a bright man. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_Clin-Ev_STARTTS_Manuel-Morantes-and-David-Perez_19July2017.pdf

Naeem, F., Phiri, P., Munshi, T., Rathod,S ., Ayub, M., Gobbi, M., & Kingdon, D. (2015). Using cognitive behaviour therapy with South Asian Muslims: findings from the culturally sensitive CBT project. International Review of Psychiatry, 27,3, 233-246. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1067598
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/09540261.2015.1067598
Naz, S. et al. (2019). Addressing issues of race, ethnicity and culture in CBT to support therapists and service managers to deliver culturally competent therapy and reduce inequalities in mental health provision for BAME service users. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E22. DOI: 10.1017/S1754470X19000060
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000060
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/addressing-issues-of-race-ethnicity-and-culture-in-cbt-to-support-therapists-and-service-managers-to-deliver-culturally-competent-therapy-and-reduce-inequalities-in-mental-health-provision-for-bame-service-users/76077E718302F7E7C58A758AB0232BB4
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Neuner, F. (2016). Narrative exposure therapy: concept & efficacy. A Webinar presentation featuring Dr Neuner, APA Division 56-Trauma Psychology.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhyDplT_uIM&feature=youtu.be
Neuner, F., Schauer, E., Klaschik, C., Karunakara, U. & Elbert, T. (2004). A comparison of narrative exposure therapy, supportive counselling, and psychoeducation for treating posttraumatic stress disorder in an African refugee settlement. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72,4, 579-587.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15301642

Neuner, F., Onyut, P. L., Ertl, V., Odenwald, M., Schauer, E. & Elbert, T. (2008). Treatment of Post traumatic Stress Disorder by Trained Lay Counsellors in an African Refugee Settlement: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76,4, 486-694.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18665696

Neuner F., Kurreck S., Ruf M., Odenwald M., Elbert T., & Schauer M. (2010). Can asylum seekers with post traumatic stress disorder be successfully treated? A randomised controlled pilot study. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, 39, 81–91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16506070903121042
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/16506070903121042

NICE (2018). Post-traumatic stress disorder overview. National Institute for Health & Care Excellence. NICE Guidelines [NG116].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng116

Nickerson, A. (2015). Treatment of posttraumatic disorder in refugees: Latest research studies. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
https://www.startts.org.au/media/Dr-Angela-Nickerson_STARTTS-Research-Symposium-2015.pdf
Nickerson, A., Bryant, R., & Silove, D. (2011). A critical review of psychological treatments for post traumatic stress disorder. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 399–417.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2010.10.004
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21112681
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Angela_Nickerson/publication/49640523_A_critical_review_of_psychological_treatments_of_posttraumatic_stress_disorder_in_refugees/links/5599c6a908ae5d8f39363a3f.pdf

Onyut, L. P., Neuner, F., Schauer, E., Ertl, V., Odenwald, M., Schauer, M., et al. (2005). Narrative exposure therapy as a treatment for child war survivors with post traumatic stress disorder: Two case reports and a pilot study in an African refugee settlement. BioMed Central Psychiatry, 5,7.
http://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-244X-5-7

Paunovic, N. & Ost, L. G. (2001). Cognitive-behaviour therapy vs exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD in refugees. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 39,10, 1183-1197.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11579988/
Perry, A. et al. (2019). Exploring the cultural flexibility of the ACT model as an effective therapeutic group intervention for Turkish speaking communities in East London. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E2. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000041
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000041
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/exploring-the-cultural-flexibility-of-the-act-model-as-an-effective-therapeutic-group-intervention-for-turkish-speaking-communities-in-east-london/798534C85786484A3D2514B671DCA463
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Phiri, P. et al. (2019). Culture and therapist self-disclosure. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E25. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000102
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000102
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/culture-and-therapist-selfdisclosure/6BA6F22C11BC767C2DF553F59123D9B9
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Rathod, S. et al. (2019). An evidence-based framework to culturally adapt cognitive behaviour therapy. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E10. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000247
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000247
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/an-evidencebased-framework-to-culturally-adapt-cognitive-behaviour-therapy/92E62D2508871E032F24D282A018FF72
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Rees, M., Blackburn, P., Lab, D., & Herlihy, J. (2007). Asylum 5 – working with asylum seekers in a clinical setting. The Psychologist, 20, 162 – 163.
https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-20/edition-3/asylum-5-working-asylum-seekers-clinical-setting

Regel, S., & Berliner, P. (2007). Current perspectives on assessment and therapy with survivors of torture: The use of a cognitive behavioural approach. [Special edition: Refugees and asylum seekers]. European Journal of Psychotherapy, Counselling & Health, 9,3, 289-299.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13642530701496906?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=rejp20

Robjant, K., Roberts, J., & Katona, C. (2017). Treating post traumatic stress disorder in female victims of trafficking using Narrative Exposure Therapy: A Retrospective Audit Treating Posttraumatic. Frontiers in Psychiatry.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00063/full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28620321

Ruf, M., Schauer, M., Neuner, F., Catani, C., Schauer, E., & Elbert T. (2010). Narrative Exposure Therapy for 7 to 16-year-olds: A randomised controlled trial with traumatised refugee children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23, 437–445.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jts.20548/full

Sanmuhanathan, N. (2016). The transgenerational transmission of trauma: Can anyone really tell your story except you? NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clin-Ev_Transgenerational-Trauma_Neeraja-Sanmuhanathan_30March2016.pdf

Schulz, P., Resick, P., Huber, L. C. & Griffin, M. (2006). The effectiveness of cognitive processing therapy for PTSD with refugees in a community setting. Cognitive and Behavioural Practice, 13,4, 322-331.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/223683956

Slobodin, O., & De Jong, J. (2015). Mental health interventions for traumatised asylum seekers: what do we know about their efficacy? International Journal of social psychiatry, 61, 1, 17 – 26.
http://isp.sagepub.com/content/61/1/17.short

Stenmark H, Catani C, Neuner F, Elbert T, & Holen A. (2013). Treating PTSD in refugees and asylum seekers within the general health care system. A randomised controlled multicentre study. Behaviour Research & Therapy, 51,10, 641–647.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796713001186

Sullivan, A., Simonson, G. (2016). A Systematic Review of School-based Social-Emotional Interventions for Refugee and War-Traumatised Youth. Review of Educational Research, 86,2.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3102/0034654315609419
Tay, A.K. et al. (2020). An Integrative Adapt Therapy for common mental health symptoms and adaptive stress amongst Rohingya, Chin, and Kachin refugees living in Malaysia: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of PLoS Medicine, 17,3, e1003073.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003073
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003073
https://www.cochranelibrary.com/central/doi/10.1002/central/CN-02101687/full

Ter Heide F. J., Mooren T. M., Knipscheer J. W. & Kleber R. J. (2014). EMDR with traumatised refugees: From experience-based to evidence-based practice. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 8,3, 147–156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.8.3.147

Thompson, C.T., Vidgen, A., & Roberts, N. P. (2018). Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 63,66-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.006
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735817302799
Tyrer, R., & Fazel, M (2014). School and community based interventions for refugee and asylum seeking children: a systematic review. PLOS ONE 9,2, e89359.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089359
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/figure?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089359.t002

Vincent, F., Jenkins, H., Larkin, M., & Clohessy, S. (2012). Asylum seekers’ experiences of trauma focused cognitive behaviour therapy: A qualitative study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 41, 579–593.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22794141?dopt=Abstract
Zgueb, Y. et al. (2019). Cultural aspects of vaginismus therapy: a case series of Arab-Muslim patients. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E3. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000119
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000119
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/cultural-aspects-of-vaginismus-therapy-a-case-series-of-arabmuslim-patients/EB14A87F556D7D4B82D76A1BA8013C96
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

Complementary Therapies

Aggar, I. (2015). Calming the mind: healing after mass atrocity in Cambodia. Transcultural Psychiatry,52,4,543-60. doi: 10.1177/1363461514568336
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25653141
Begg, D. (2017). Yoga treatment for refugee torture and trauma survivors. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_STARTTS-Clinical-Evening_Danielle-Begg_Yoga_23May2017.pdf

Chung, S. C., & Hunt, J. (2016). Meditation in humanitarian aid: an action research. The Lancet, 388, S36. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32272-3
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(16)32272-3/fulltext
Churchward, H. (2017). Role of body focused therapy in treating survivors of torture and trauma a case study of an Iraqi refuge. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
www.startts.org.au/media/PP-slides_Hugh-Churchward_Clinical-Evening_8Nov2017.pdf
Every, D., Smith, K., Smith, B., Trigg, J., & Thompson, K, (2017). How can a donkey fly on the plane? The benefits and limits of animal therapy with refugees. Clinical Psychologist, APA, Australian Psychological Society, 21, 1, 44-53.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cp.12071/full

Goodman, G. & Dent, V.F. (2019). When I Became a refugee, this became my refuge: a proposal for implementing a two-generation intervention using yoga and narrative to promote mental health in Syrian refugee caregivers and school readiness in their preschool children. Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 18,4, 367-375. DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2019.1680939
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15289168.2019.1680939
Gopalkrishnan, N. (2012).Yoga therapy and the health of refugees. PhD thesis, Curtin University of Technology. Faculty of Humanities, Centre for Human Rights Education.
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/256091108_Yoga_Therapy_and_the_Health_of_Refugees
https://www.academia.edu/21086939/Yoga_Therapy_and_the_Health_of_Refugees
Highfield, S. E., Lama, P., Gordin, M.A., Kaptchuk, T.J., & Crosby, S.S. (2012). Acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine for survivors of torture and refugee trauma: a descriptive report.
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 14,3,433-440. doi.org/10.1007/s10903-011-9538-6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10903-011-9538-6
Hodge, D. R. (2019). Spiritual assessment with refugees and other migrant populations: a necessary foundation for successful clinical practice. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work: Social Thought, 38,2, 121-139. DOI: 10.1080/15426432.2019.1597663
https://doi.org/10.1080/15426432.2019.1597663
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15426432.2019.1597663
Hodge, D.R. (2020). Administering spiritual assessments with refugees: an overview of conceptually distinct assessment options. Journal of Refugee Studies, fey054 33,3, 479-499.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fey054
https://academic.oup.com/jrs/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jrs/fey054/5113156?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Jespersen, K.V., & Vuust, P. (2012). The effect of relaxation music listening on sleep quality in traumatized refugees: a pilot study. Journal of Music Therapy, 49,2, 205-29.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26753218
https://academic.oup.com/jmt/article/49/2/205/870972

Kalmanowitz, D. (2016). Inhabited studio: art therapy and mindfulness, resilience, adversity and refugees. International Journal of Art Therapy, 21,2, 75-84. doi: 10.1080/17454832.2016.1170053
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17454832.2016.1170053
Kalmanowitz, D.L. (2017). Art therapy and mindfulness with survivors of political violence: a qualitative study. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy, 9,1,107-113.
doi: 10.1037/tra0000174
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27428554
Lesmana, C. B. J., Suryani, L.K., Tiliopoulos. N., & Jensen, G.D. (2010). Spiritual-hypnosis assisted therapy: a new culturally-sensitive approach to the treatment and prevention of mental disorders. Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 12,3, 195-208. doi: 10.1080/19349637.2010.498696
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19349637.2010.498696
Longacre, M.M., Silver-Highfield, E.S., Lama, P., & Grodin, M.A. (2012).Complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of refugees and survivors of torture: a review and proposal for action. Torture, 22,1, 38-57.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23086004
http://www.corteidh.or.cr/tablas/r29632.pdf
Madsen, T.S., Carlsson, J., Nordbrandt, M., & Jensen. J.A. (2016). Refugee experiences of individual basic body awareness therapy and the level of transference into daily life. An interview study. Journal of Bodywork & Movement Therapies, 20,2,243-51. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.10.007
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27210839
Manincor, M. (2017). Mind-Body Integrative Approaches in treatment of torture and refugee trauma survivors. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_Clinical-Evening_Mind-Body_Michael-de-Manincor_23May2017.pdf

Rosenbaum, S. (2017). Exercise and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-Slides_Clin-Ev_STARTTS_Dr-Simon-Rosenbaum_Behaviour-Activation_19July2017.pdf

Rousseau, D., Weiss-Lewit, K., & Lilly, M. (2019). MeToo and Yoga: guidance for clinician's referring to trauma-informed yoga. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 1-10. doi: 10.1123/jcsp.2018-0038
https://journals.humankinetics.com/doi/full/10.1123/jcsp.2018-0038
https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jcsp/13/2/article-p216.xml
Singer. J, & Adams, J. (2011). The place of Complementary Therapies in an Integrated Model of Refugee Health Care: Counsellors’ and Refugee Clients’ Perspectives. Journal of Refugee Studies,24,2,351-375.
https://academic.oup.com/jrs/article-abstract/24/2/351/1588254?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Somasundaram, D. (2010). Using cultural relaxation methods in post-trauma care among refugees in Australia. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health, 3,1, 16-24. doi: 10.1080/17542860903411615
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17542860903411615
Stark, B. (2017). The complementary role of psychotherapy and bodywork in treating torture and refugee trauma survivors. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/PP-slides_Bruce-Stark_Clinical-Evening_8Nov2017.pdf
Witkiewitz, K. et al. (2013). Mindfulnessbased relapse prevention with racial and ethnic minority women. Addictive Behaviours, 38,12, 28212824. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.08.018
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24018224/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460313002335?via%3Dihub

Creative Arts Therapies

Chibici-Revneanu, C., | Dong, J. (Reviewing editor), (2020). Writing towards empathy: an expressive writing cycle with Central American migrants and host undergraduate students in Mexico. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 7,1. DOI: 10.1080/23311983.2020.1720895
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311983.2020.1720895
Dieterich-Hartwell, R., & Koch, S.C. (2017). Creative Arts Therapies as Temporary Home for Refugees: Insights from Literature and Practice. Behavioral Sciences, 7,4, 69. Doi:
10.3390/bs7040069
http://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/7/4/69/htm
http://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/7/4/69/pdf

Dokter, D. (1998). Arts Therapists, Refugees and Migrants: Reaching Across Borders. London: Jessica Kingsley publishers.
https://www.jkp.com/uk/arts-therapists-refugees-and-migrants.html
https://derby.rl.talis.com/items/5F51D06B-A96D-83D3-3E15-CB80ADE3E607.html

Fitzpatrick, F. (2002). A Search for Home: The Role of Art Therapy in Understanding the Experiences of Bosnian Refugees in Western Australia. Art Therapy Journal of the American Art Therapy Association, 19,4, 151-158.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07421656.2002.10129680
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421656.2002.10129680

García-Medrano, S. & Panhofer, H. (2020). Improving migrant well-being: spontaneous movement as a way to increase the creativity, spontaneity and welfare of migrants in Glasgow. Body, Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy, 15,3, 189-203. DOI: 10.1080/17432979.2020.1767208
https://doi.org/10.1080/17432979.2020.1767208
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17432979.2020.1767208
Gentlemen-Byers, J. (1996). Children of the stones: art therapy interventions in the West Bank. Art Therapy, 13,4, 238-243. doi: 10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
Gopalkrishnan, N. (2013). Multicultural Arts and Integrative Medicine: Empowering Refugees in the Healing Process. Electronic Journal of Studies in the Tropics, etropic, 12, 2, 119-133.
http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.12.2.2013.3337
https://journals.jcu.edu.au/etropic/article/view/3337/3277

Gray, A.E. (2018). Dance/movement therapy and survivors of torture. American Dance Therapy Association.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cm4aTzWyKDE
Hollingsbee, E. (2019). ‘Tomorrow we make it better’: an art therapist’s reflection on a community mural in a refugee camp in Greece. International Journal of Art Therapy, 24,4, 158-168. DOI: 10.1080/17454832.2019.1666155
https://doi.org/10.1080/17454832.2019.1666155
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17454832.2019.1666155?src=recsys
Horghagen, S. & Josephsson, S. (2011). Theatre as liberation, collaboration and relationship for asylum seekers. Journal of Occupational Science, 17,3,168-176.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14427591.2010.9686691
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14427591.2010.9686691

Humphrey, A.S. (2020). Drawing out of detention: the transnational drawing practices of Eaten Fish, refugee cartoonist. Journal of a/b: Auto/Biography Studies, 35,2, 435-458. DOI: 10.1080/08989575.2020.1763569
https://doi.org/10.1080/08989575.2020.1763569
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08989575.2020.1763569
Kalmanowitz, D. (2016). Inhabited Studio: Art therapy and Mindfulness, Resilience, Adversity and Refugees. International Journal of Art Therapy, 21,2, 75-84.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17454832.2016.1170053
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17454832.2016.1170053

Kalmanowitz, D.L. (2017). Art therapy and mindfulness with survivors of political violence: a qualitative study. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice & Policy, 9,1,107-113.
doi: 10.1037/tra0000174
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27428554
Killian, T., Cardona, B., & Hudspeth, E. F. (2017). Culturally responsive play therapy with Somali refugees. International Journal of Play Therapy, 26,1,23-32.
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-00140-003?doi=1
http://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fpla0000040

Koch, S.C. & Weidinger- Von der Recke, B. (2009). Traumatised refugees: An integrated dance and verbal therapy approach. The Arts in Psychotherapy 36,5, 289–296.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197455609000768
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259975773_Traumatized_refugees_An_integrated_dance_and_verbal_therapy_approach
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2009.07.002

Lenette, C., & Sunderland, N. (2016). Will there be music for us? Mapping the health and well- being potential of participatory music practice with asylum seekers and refugees across contexts of conflict and refuge. Arts & Health: An International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice, 8,1, 32–49.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17533015.2014.961943

Lenette, C., Weston, D., Wise, P., Sunderland, N., & Bristed, H. (2016). Where words fail, music speaks: the impact of participatory music on the mental health and wellbeing of asylum seekers. Arts & Health: An International Journal for Research, Policy and Practice, 8,2, 125–139.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17533015.2015.1037317

Nakhost- Isfahani, S. (2008). Art therapy with a young refugee woman – survivor of war International Journal of Art Therapy,13,2, 79-87.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17454830802503453
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17454830802503453

Orth, J. (2005). Music therapy with traumatised refugees in a clinical setting. Voices, 5, 2.
https://voices.no/index.php/voices/article/view/1715
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZnKN3U5I18&t=6s

Portokaloglou, T. (2018). Transplanting the Soul-Tree: an analytical perspective on how the Sesame approach and movement with touch and sound became the fertile soil for the psychological support and therapy for refugee women. Dramatherapy, 39,2, 102-112. doi: 10.1080/02630672.2018.1482937
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02630672.2018.1482937
Posselt, T., & Hoog- Antink, M. (2016). The sound of lost homes: music therapy with refugees in Germany. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 25, sup1,108-108.doi:
10.1080/08098131.2016.1180121.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303695101_The_sound_of_lost_homes_music_therapy_with_refugees_in_Germany
Quinlan, R., Schweitzer, R.D., Khawaja, N., & Griffin, J. (2016). Evaluation of a school-based creative arts therapy program for adolescents from refugee. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 47, 72-78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2015.09.006

Rousseau,C., Drapeau, A., Lacroix, L., Bagilishya, D., & Heusch, N. (2005). Evaluation of a classroom program of creative expression workshops for refugee and immigrant children, Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 2, 180-185.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8051656_Evaluation_of_a_classroom_program_of_creative_expression_workshops_for_refugee_and_immigrant_children
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00344.x

Rousseau, C., Lacroix, L., Singh, A., Gauthier, M.-F., & Benoit, M. (2005). Creative Expression Workshops in School: Prevention Programs for Immigrant and Refugee Children. The Canadian Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Review, 14,3, 77–80.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2542909/

Rova, M. et al. (2020). Existing in-between two worlds: supporting asylum seeking women living in temporary accommodation through a creative movement and art intervention. Body, Movement and Dance in Psychotherapy, 15,3, 204-218. DOI: 10.1080/17432979.2020.1772370
https://doi.org/10.1080/17432979.2020.1772370
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17432979.2020.1772370
Schouten, K.A., Gerrit, J., & Knipscheer, J.W., Kleber, R.J., & Hutschemaekers, G.J. (2015). The effectiveness of art therapy in the treatment of traumatised adults: a systematic review on art therapy and trauma. Trauma Violence Abuse, 16,2, 220 – 228.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25403446
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1524838014555032

Schouten MATh, K.A., van Hooren, S., Knipscheer, J.W., Kleber, R.J., & Hutschemaekers, G.J.M. (2019). Trauma-Focused Art Therapy in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: a Pilot Study. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 20,1, 114-130. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2018.1502712
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15299732.2018.1502712
Stickley, T., Hui, A., Stubley, M., Baker, F., & Craig- Watson, M. (2018) “Write here, sanctuary” creative writing for refugees and people seeking asylum. Arts & Health. doi: 10.1080/17533015.2018.1494450
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17533015.2018.1494450
Sullivan, A., & Simonson, G. (2016). A Systematic Review of School-Based Social-Emotional Interventions for Refugee and War-Traumatized Youth. Review of Educational Research, 86, 2.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3102/0034654315609419

Tyrer, R., & Fazel, M (2014). School and community based interventions for refugee and asylum seeking children: a systematic review. PLOS ONE 9,2, e89359.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089359
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/figure?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089359.t002

Ugurlu, N., Akca, L., & Acarturk, C. (2016). An art therapy intervention for symptoms of post-traumatic stress, depression and anxiety among Syrian refugee children. Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies, 11,2,89-102.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17450128.2016.1181288
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17450128.2016.1181288
Vougioukalou, S. et al. (2019). Wellbeing and integration through community music: the role of improvisation in a music group of refugees, asylum seekers and local community members. Contemporary Music Review, 38,5, 533-548. DOI: 10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075
https://doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075
Ward, J. (2018). ‘Prove it’ working with LBGTQ+ Asylum seekers who must prove their sexuality to stay in the UK. Dramatherapy, 39,3, 141-151. doi: 10.1080/02630672.2018.1524503
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02630672.2018.1524503
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1080/02630672.2018.1524503

Culturally-Sensitive Therapy

Alemi, Q., Weller, S. C., Montgomery, S., & James, S. (2017). Afghan refugee explanatory models of depression: Exploring core cultural beliefs. Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 31,2, 177–197. doi:10.1111/maq.12296
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/maq.12296/full

Alemi, Q., James, S., & Montgomery, S. (2016). Contextualizing Afghan refugee views of depression through narratives of trauma, resettlement stress, and coping. Transcultural Psychiatry, 53, 5, 630–653. doi:10.1177/1363461516660937
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1363461516660937

Algahtani, H. et al. (2019). Cultural adaptation of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression and anxiety in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain: a qualitative study exploring views of patients, carers, and mental health professionals. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E44. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1900028X
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1900028X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/cultural-adaptation-of-cognitive-behavioural-therapy-cbt-for-patients-with-depression-and-anxiety-in-saudi-arabia-and-bahrain-a-qualitative-study-exploring-views-of-patients-carers-and-mental-health-professionals/9A3F03C81FB18060A94237709D06D4D1
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Amara, P. (2017). EMDR therapy in intercultural context. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 1,3, 183-195.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2017.06.003
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749917300297
Bahu, M. (2019). War, trauma and culture: working with Tamil refugees and asylum seekers using culturally adapted CBT. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E46. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1900031X
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1900031X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/war-trauma-and-culture-working-with-tamil-refugees-and-asylum-seekers-using-culturally-adapted-cbt/BD16CE629AAF2E61AF138C712AB290C7
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Bala, J., Mooren, T., & Cramer, S. (2014). Cultural Competence in the treatment of political refugees based on system approaches. Clinical Neuropsychiatry,11,1, 32-39.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5f61/9113dbec64d23bd8b8c023c656586edca57a.pdf

Bernal, G.& Sáez-Santiago E. (2006). Culturally Centered psychological interventions. Journal of Community Psychology, 34, 121–132.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcop.20096/full

Berry, K. et al. (2018). Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI): case examples from therapists’ perspectives. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 11, E13. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/culturally-adapted-family-intervention-cafi-case-examples-from-therapists-perspectives/AD3F5F5D0F344AE7761655EBE729A585
Bhui, K. (2018). Cultural neuroscience: ideas worth knowing. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 72, sup1, S5-S8. DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647
https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08039488.2018.1525647
Dalgaard N. T. et al. (2020). Interdisciplinary treatment of family violence in traumatized refugee families. International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, 16,1, 77-92.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMHSC-05-2018-0031
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https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJMHSC-05-2018-0031/full/html
D’Ardenne, P., Capuzzo, N., Ruaro, L., & Priebe, S. (2005). One size fits all? Cultural sensitivity in a psychological service for traumatised refugees. Diversity in Health & Social Care, 2, 1.
http://diversityhealthcare.imedpub.com/one-size-fits-all-cultural-sensitivity-in-a-psychological-service-for-traumatised-refugees.php?aid=2596

Derges, J., & Henderson, F. (2003). Working with refugees and survivors of trauma in a day hospital setting. Journal of Refugee Studies, 16, 1, 82-98. DOI:10.1093/jrs/16.1.82
https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/16.1.82
https://academic.oup.com/jrs/article/16/1/82/1620749
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/30963032_Working_with_Refugees_and_Survivors_of_Trauma_in_a_Day_Hospital_Setting

Farhadi Langroudi, K., & Skinta, M. (2019). Working with gender and sexual minorities in the context of Islamic culture: a queer Muslim behavioural approach. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E21. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000096
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000096
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/working-with-gender-and-sexual-minorities-in-the-context-of-islamic-culture-a-queer-muslim-behavioural-approach/CE597208000F0861FA7B7A4BD19E83FD
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Farsimadan, F., Khan, A., & Draghi-Lorenz, R. (2011). On Ethnic Matching: a review of the research and consideration for practice, training and policy. In C. Lago. (Ed.). Handbook of Transcultural Counselling & Psychotherapy, (pp. 65 – 80). Berkshire: Open University Press.
http://eac.eu.com/publications/book-review-2/transcultural-counselling/

Farsimadan, F. (2011). The effects of a Middle Eastern (Iranian) heritage. In C. Lago. (Ed.). Handbook of Transcultural Counselling & Psychotherapy. (pp. 278 – 289). Berkshire: Open University Press.
http://eac.eu.com/publications/book-review-2/transcultural-counselling/

Goodkind J., LaNoue M., Lee C., Freeland L., & Freund R. (2012). Feasibility, acceptability, and initial findings from a community- based cultural mental health intervention for American Indian youth and their families. Journal of Community Psychology, 40, 381–405.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcop.20517/full

Groen, S.P.N., Richters, A., Laban, C.J., & Deville, W. L. (2017). Cultural Identity Among Afghan and Iraqi Traumatized Refugees: Towards a Conceptual Framework for Mental Health Care Professionals. Culture, Medicine & Psychiatry, 1-23.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11013-016-9514-7

Grupp, F. et al. (2019). ‘Only God can promise healing.': help-seeking intentions and lay beliefs about cures for post-traumatic stress disorder among Sub-Saharan African asylum seekers in Germany. European Journal of Psychotraumatology,10,1. DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1684225.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2019.1684225
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31741719/
Hinton, D. E., Chhean, D., Pich, V., Safren, S. A., Hofmann, S. G., & Pollack, M. H. (2005). A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behaviour therapy for Cambodian refugees with treatment-resistant PTSD and panic attacks: A cross-over design. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18,6, 617–629. doi:10.1002/jts.20070
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jts.20070/full

Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S. G., Pollack, M. H., & Otto, M. W. (2009). Mechanisms of efficacy of CBT for Cambodian refugees with PTSD: Improvement in emotion regulation and orthostatic blood pressure response. CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics, 15, 255–263. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949. 2009.00100.x
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2009.00100.x/full

Hinton, D. E., Hofmann, S., Rivera, G., Otto, E., Pollack, M. W., & Mark, H. (2011). Culturally adapted CBT (CA-CBT) for Latino women with treatment-resistant PTSD. A pilot study comparing CA-CBT to applied muscle relaxation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49,4, 275–280.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2011.01.005
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796711000222

Hinton, D. E., Rivera, E. I., Hofmann, S. G., Barlow, D. H., & Otto, M. W. (2012). Adapting CBT for traumatized refugees and ethnic minority patients: Examples from culturally adapted CBT (CA-CBT). Transcultural Psychiatry, 49,2, 340–365. doi:10.1177/1363461512441595.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1363461512441595

Hinton, D.E. & Jalal, B. (2014). Guidelines for the implementation of culturally sensitive cognitive behavioral therapy among refugees and in global contexts. Intervention, 12, 1, 78 – 93.
https://www.interventionjournal.com/content/guidelines-implementation-culturally-sensitive-cognitive-behavioural-therapy-among-refugees
https://www.interventionjournal.com/sites/default/files/Hinton%202014%20I%20guidelines%20implementation%20culturally%20sensitive%20CBT.pdf

Hollifield, M., Verbillis-Kolp, S., Farmer, B., Toolson, E.C., Woldehaimanot, Y., Yamazaki, J., & SooHoo, J. (2013). The Refugee Health Screener-15 (RHS-15): development and validation of an instrument for anxiety, depression and PTSD in refugees. General Hospital Psychiatry, 35, 2, 202 – 209.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23347455

Im, H., & Swan, L.E.T. (2020). Capacity building for refugee mental health in resettlement: implementation and evaluation of Cross-Cultural Trauma-Informed Care Training. Journal of Immigrant Minority Health,22,5,923-934.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-020-00992-w
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10903-020-00992-w
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32088845/
Isakson, B. L., Legerski, J. P., & Layne, C. M. (2015). Adapting and implementing evidence-based interventions for trauma-exposed refugee youth and families. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 45,4, 245-253.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10879-015-9304-5

Jackson, L. C., Schmutzer, P. A., Wenzel, A., & Tyler, J. D. (2006). Applicability of cognitive-behaviour therapy with American- Indian individuals. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 43,4, 506–517. doi: 10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.506
http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.506
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-23019-012

Jalal, B., Kruger, Q., & Hinton, D. H. (2017). Adaptation of CBT for a Traumatized South African indigenous group (Sepedi): Examples from culturally adapted somatic-focused CBT (CA-CBT). Cognitive and Behavioural Practice.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.07.003
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077722917300755

Jalal, B., Samir, W. S., & Hinton, D. E. (2017). Adaptation of CBT for traumatized Egyptians: Examples from culturally adapted CBT (CA-CBT). Cognitive and Behavioural Practice, 24, 58–71.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2016.03.001
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1077722916300049

Kananian, S., Ayoughi, S., Farugie, A., Hinton, D. & Stangier, U. (2017).Transdiagnostic culturally adapted CBT with Farsi-speaking refugees: a pilot study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8, Supp 2. 1390362, DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1390362.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2017.1390362

Killian, T., Cardona, B., & Hudspeth, E. F. (2017). Culturally responsive play therapy with Somali refugees. International Journal of Play Therapy, 26,1,23-32.
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-00140-003?doi=1
http://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fpla0000040

King, D., & Said, G. (2019). Working with unaccompanied asylum-seeking young people: cultural considerations and acceptability of a cognitive behavioural group approach. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E11. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/working-with-unaccompanied-asylumseeking-young-people-cultural-considerations-and-acceptability-of-a-cognitive-behavioural-group-approach/9CDBD16736466CA77315DFEF27E89BA8
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Lesmana, C. B. J., Suryani, L.K., Tiliopoulos. N., & Jensen, G.D. (2010).Spiritual-hypnosis assisted therapy: a new culturally-sensitive approach to the treatment and prevention of mental disorders.Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health, 12,3, 195-208. doi: 10.1080/19349637.2010.498696
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19349637.2010.498696
Liddell, B. (2017). How Culture Shapes the Brain: Implications for Neural Mechanisms Underlying PTSD in Refugees. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clinical-Master-Class_Cultural-Variations-PTSD-Neuroscience_Dr-Belinda-Liddell_2Aug2017.pdf

Loewy, M.I., Toliver Williams, D. & Keleta, A. (2002). Group Counselling with Traumatized East African Refugee Women in the United States. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 27, 2, 173-191.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/742848689

Miller, K. E., Omidian, P., Quraishy, A. S., Quraishy, N., Nasiry, M. N., Nasiry, S., & Yaqubi, A. A. (2006). The Afghan Symptom Checklist: A culturally grounded approach to mental health. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76, 423–433. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.423.
http://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.423
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-23054-003

Mir, G. et al. (2019). Delivering a culturally adapted therapy for Muslim clients with depression. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E26. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000059
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000059
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https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Naeem, F., Phiri, P., Munshi, T., Rathod,S., Ayub, M., Gobbi, M., & Kingdon, D. (2015). Using cognitive behaviour therapy with South Asian Muslims: findings from the culturally sensitive CBT project. International Review of Psychiatry, 27,3, 233-246. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2015.1067598
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Phiri, P. et al. (2019). Culture and therapist self-disclosure. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E25. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X19000102
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X19000102
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Rathod, S. et al. (2019). An evidence-based framework to culturally adapt cognitive behaviour therapy. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E10. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000247
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000247
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https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Salem, I., & Renner, W. (2015). Educating asylum seekers and refugees to cope with post-traumatic stress: An ethnic approach to professional and lay interventions. European Scientific Journal, 2, ISSN: 1857-7881.
http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/5757/5553

Schouler-Ocak, M. (2017). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Trauma-centred psychotherapy in patients with refugee background. Psychotherapeut, 62,4, 314-321. doi:10.1007/s00278-017-0202-z.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00278-017-0202-z
Somasundaram, D. (2010). Using cultural relaxation methods in post-trauma care among refugees in Australia. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health, 3,1, 16-24. doi: 10.1080/17542860903411615
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17542860903411615
Spanhel, K. et al. (2019). Cultural adaptation of internet interventions for refugees: results from a user experience study in Germany. Internet Interventions,18,100252.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2019.100252
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Suyemoto, K.L., Liem, J.H., Kuhn, J.C. , Mongillo, E.A. & Tauriac, J.J. (2007). Training therapists to be culturally sensitive with Asian American women clients. Women & Therapy,30,3-4,209-227.
https://doi.org/10.1300/J015v30n03_15
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Van Loon, A., van Schaik, D. J. F., Dekker, J. J., & Beekman A. T. F. (2011). Effectiveness of an intercultural module added to the treatment guidelines for Moroccan and Turkish patients with depressive and anxiety disorders. Bio Med Central, BMC Psychiatry, 11, 13–19.
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WHO (2015). WHO Europe Policy Brief on migration and health: mental health care for refugees. WHOEU.
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Zgueb, Y. et al. (2019). Cultural aspects of vaginismus therapy: a case series of Arab-Muslim patients. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E3. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000119
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https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt

EMDR, Eye Movement Desensitisation & Reprocessing Therapy

Acarturk, C., Konuk, E., Cetinkaya, M., Senay, I., Sijbrandij, M., Gulen, B., & Cuijpers, P. (2016). The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression among Syrian refugees: results of a randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine, 46,12, 2583-2593.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716001070
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Acarturk, C., Konuk, E., Cetinkaya, M., Senay, I., Sijbrandij, M., Cuijpers, P., & Aker, T. (2015). EMDR for Syrian refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Psychotraumatology ,6, 27414.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v6.27414
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3402/ejpt.v6.27414
https://research.vu.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/1341450/2015+Acarturk%2C+Eur+J+Psychotraumatol%2C+emdr+in+Syrian+refugees.pdf
Amara, P. (2017). EMDR therapy in intercultural context. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 1,3, 183-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2017.06.003
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749917300297
Fernandez, I., Farrell, D., carriere, R., & Stoter, B. (2016). The refugee crisis in Europe and its implications for EMDR therapists.
http://www2.masterapp2.nl/assets/uploads/uploads/c92c6-round-table-the-hague.pdf
Formenti, L. (2016).Traumatised refugees and EMDR psychotherapy: a brief report of experience-based EMDR practices with refugees and asylum seekers in Italy. EMDR Europe Association. Psychotraumatology Research Centre, Milan, Italy.
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Gattinara, P.C., Onofri, A., & Angelini, C. (2016).The EMDR approach used as a tool to provide psychological help to refugees and asylum seekers. In M.Nickerson (ed.) Cultural competence and healing culturally based trauma with EMDR therapy: innovative strategies and protocols. doi:10.1891/9780826142870.0008
http://connect.springerpub.com/content/book/978-0-8261-4287-0/part/part02/chapter/ch08
Gattinara, P. C. & Pallini, S. (2017). The use of EMDR with refugee and asylum seekers: a review of research studies. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 14,5, 341-344.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321010232
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321010232_The_use_of_EMDR_wiTh_Refugees_and_Asylum_Seekers_a_Review_of_Research_studies
Lehnung, M., Shapiro, E., Schreiber, M., & Hoffman, A.(2017). Evaluating the EMDR Group Traumatic Episode Protocol with Refugees: a Field Study. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 11,3,129-138.doi:10.1891/1933-3196.11.3.129.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319039764_Evaluating_the_EMDR_Group_Traumatic_Episode_Protocol_With_Refugees_A_Field_Study
https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgremdr/11/3/129
Oren, E., & Solomon, R. (2012). EMDR therapy: an overview of its development and mechanisms of action. European Review of Applied Psychology, 62,4,197-203.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2012.08.005
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1162908812000692
Schouler-Ocak, M. (2017). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Trauma-centred psychotherapy in patients with refugee background. Psychotherapeut, 62,4, 314-321. doi:10.1007/s00278-017-0202-z.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00278-017-0202-z
Shapiro, F.(2012). EMDR therapy: An overview of current and future research. European Review of Applied Psychology, 62,4,193-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erap.2012.09.005
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1162908812000771
Shapiro, F. (2012). Getting past your past: Take control of your life with self-help technique from EMDR therapy.New York: Rodale Books.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3662281/
Shapiro, F. (2014). EMDR: the past is present, understanding the effects of unprocessed memories and using EMDR therapy in treatment. Mental Research Institute. A webinar
Presentation featuring Dr Shapiro hosted by the Psychology Webinar Group.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lsQbzfW9txc
Sykinioti, S. (2019). The effectiveness of eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing with refugees experiencing symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation,3,1,49-55.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejtd.2018.08.001
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468749917301412
Ter Heide, F.J., Mooren, T.M., van de Schoot, R., de Jongh, A., & Kleber, R.J. (2016). Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy v. stabilisation as usual for refugees: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 209, 4,311-318.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26892849
Ter Heide, F. J., Mooren, T. M., Knipscheer, J. W. & Kleber, R. J. (2014). EMDR with traumatized refugees: from experience-based to evidence-based practice. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 8,3, 147–156.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.8.3.147
http://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgremdr/8/3/147.full.pdf
Ter Heide, F. J., Mooren, T. M., Kleijn, W., de Jongh, A.& Kleber R. J. (2011).EMDR versus stabilisation in traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: results of a pilot study. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2,1.
https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v2i0.5881
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3402/ejpt.v2i0.5881
https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/1885650/109229_Psychotraumatology_2_5881.pdf
Thompson, C.T., Vidgen, A., & Roberts, N. P. (2018). Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees and asylum seekers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 63,66-79.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2018.06.006
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272735817302799
Yurtsever, A., Konuk, E., Akyuz, T., Zat, Z., Tukel, F., Cetinkaya, M., Sarvan, C., & Shapiro, E. (2018). An Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) group intervention for Syrian refugees with Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms: results of a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9,493. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00493.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00493/full
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325714637_An_Eye_Movement_Desensitization_and_Reprocessing_EMDR_Group_Intervention_for_Syrian_Refugees_With_Post-traumatic_Stress_Symptoms_Results_of_a_Randomized_Controlled_Trial
Zaghrout-Hodali, M. (2014). Humanitarian work using EMDR in Palestine and the Arab world.
Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 8,4,248-251. doi:10.1891/1933-3196.8.4.248
https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgremdr/8/4/248

Group Therapy

Akinsulure-Smith, A. (2009). Brief Psychoeducational Group Treatment with Re-Traumatized Refugees and Asylum Seekers. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 34, 2, 137-150
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01933920902798007

Akinsulure-Smith, A. (2012). Using group work to rebuild family and community ties among displaced African men. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 37,2, 95-112. doi: 10.1080/01933922.2011.646086
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01933922.2011.646086
Bahu, M. (2019). War, trauma and culture: working with Tamil refugees and asylum seekers using culturally adapted CBT. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E46. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X1900031X
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X1900031X
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/war-trauma-and-culture-working-with-tamil-refugees-and-asylum-seekers-using-culturally-adapted-cbt/BD16CE629AAF2E61AF138C712AB290C7
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Chen, H. & Chen, E. C. (2020). Working with Interpreters in therapy groups for forced migrants: challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 70,2, 244-269. DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2019.1685885
https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2019.1685885
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207284.2019.1685885
Drozdek, B., & Bolwerk, N. (2010). Evaluation of group therapy with traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: The Den Bosch Model. Traumatology, 16, 4, 117 – 127.
http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/trm/16/4/117/

Drozdek, B., & Bolwerk, N. (2010). Group therapy with traumatised asylum seekers and refugees: for whom it works and for whom it does not? Traumatology, 16, 4, 160 – 167.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1534765610388299

Drožđek, B., Kamperman, A., Bolwerk, N., Tol, W., & Kleber, R (2012). Group Therapy with Male Asylum Seekers and Refugees with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Controlled Comparison Cohort Study of Three Day-Treatment Programs. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 200, 9,758-765.
http://journals.lww.com/jonmd/Abstract/2012/09000/Group_Therapy_With_Male_Asylum_Seekers_and.5.aspx

Drozdek, B., Kamperman, A., Tol, W., Knipscheer, J., & Kleber, R. (2013). Is legal status impacting outcomes of group therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder with male asylum seekers and refugees from Iran & Afghanistan? BioMed Central Psychiatry, 13,148.
http://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-244X-13-148

Drozdek, B., Kamperman, A. M, Tol., W.A., Knipscheer., J.W. & Kleber., R. (2014). Seven-year follow-up study of symptoms in asylum seekers and refugees with PTSD treated with Trauma- Focused Groups. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 70,4, 376-387.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jclp.22035/full

Ehntholt, K., Smith, P., & Yule, W. (2005). School-based cognitive behavioural therapy group intervention for refugee children who have experienced war-related trauma. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 10, 2, 235-250.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1359104505051214

Gentlemen-Byers, J. (1996). Children of the Stones: art Therapy Interventions in the West Bank. Art Therapy, 13,4, 238-243. doi: 10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
King, D., & Said, G. (2019). Working with unaccompanied asylum-seeking young people: cultural considerations and acceptability of a cognitive behavioural group approach. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E11. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000260
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/working-with-unaccompanied-asylumseeking-young-people-cultural-considerations-and-acceptability-of-a-cognitive-behavioural-group-approach/9CDBD16736466CA77315DFEF27E89BA8
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Kira, I., Ahmed A., Mahmoud, V., & Wassin, F. (2010). Group therapy model for refugees and torture survivors. Torture, 20, 2, 108 – 113.
http://irct.org/assets/uploads/1018-8185_2010-2_108-113.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20952827

Kira, I., Ahmed, A., Wasim, F., Mahmoud, V., Colrain, J., & Rai, D. (2012). Group Therapy for Refugees and Torture Survivors: Treatment Model Innovations. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 62,1,69-88.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/ijgp.2012.62.1.69
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22229369

Lehnung, M., Shapiro, E., Schreiber, M., & Hoffman, A.(2017). Evaluating the EMDR group traumatic episode protocol with refugees: a field study. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 11,3,129-138.doi:10.1891/1933-3196.11.3.129.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319039764_Evaluating_the_EMDR_Group_Traumatic_Episode_Protocol_With_Refugees_A_Field_Study
https://connect.springerpub.com/content/sgremdr/11/3/129
Leiderman, L.M. (2020). Psychodynamic group therapy with Hispanic migrants: interpersonal, relational constructs in treating complex trauma, dissociation, and enactments. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 70,2, 162-182. DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
Loewy, M.I., Toliver Williams, D. & Keleta, A. (2002). Group Counselling with Traumatized East African Refugee Women in the United States. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 27, 2, 173-191.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/742848689

Matheson, C. & Weightman, E. (2020). A participatory study of patient views on psychotherapy for complex post-traumatic stress disorder, CPTSD. Journal of Mental Health. DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2020.1803229
https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2020.1803229
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09638237.2020.1803229
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343556661_A_participatory_study_of_patient_views_on_psychotherapy_for_complex_post-traumatic_stress_disorder_CPTSD
Perry, A. et al. (2019). Exploring the cultural flexibility of the ACT model as an effective therapeutic group intervention for Turkish speaking communities in East London. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 12, E2. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000041
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000041
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/exploring-the-cultural-flexibility-of-the-act-model-as-an-effective-therapeutic-group-intervention-for-turkish-speaking-communities-in-east-london/798534C85786484A3D2514B671DCA463
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/special-issues/cultural-adaptations-of-cbt
Reading, R., & Rubin, L. (2011). Advocacy and empowerment: group therapy for LGBT asylum seekers. Traumatology, 17, 2.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1534765610395622

Robertson, M., E., Blumberg, J.M., Gratton, J.L., Walsh, E.G., & Kaval, H. (2013). A group-based approach to stabilisation and symptom management in a phased treatment model for refugees and asylum seekers. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 4.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3871835/

Schwartz, S., & Melzak, S. (2005). Using story telling in psychotherapeutic group work with young refugees. Group Analysis, 38, 2.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0533316405052385

Tucker, S., & Price, D. (2007). Finding a home: group psychotherapy for traumatised refugees and asylum seekers. European Journal of Psychotherapy & Counselling, 9, 3. 277-287.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642530701496880

Tucker, S. (2011). Psychotherapy Groups for Traumatized Refugees and Asylum Seekers. Group Analysis 44,1,68-82. doi:10.1177/0533316410390478
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0533316410390478
Yurtsever, A., Konuk, E., Akyuz, T., Zat, Z., Tukel, F., Cetinkaya, M., Sarvan, C., & Shapiro, E. (2018). An Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) group intervention for Syrian refugees with Post-Traumatic Stress symptoms: results of a randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychology, 9,493. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00493.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00493/full
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325714637_An_Eye_Movement_Desensitization_and_Reprocessing_EMDR_Group_Intervention_for_Syrian_Refugees_With_Post-traumatic_Stress_Symptoms_Results_of_a_Randomized_Controlled_Trial
Vougioukalou, S. et al. (2019). Wellbeing and integration through community music: the role of improvisation in a music group of refugees, asylum seekers and local community members. Contemporary Music Review, 38,5, 533-548. DOI: 10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075
https://doi.org/10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07494467.2019.1684075

Integrative Therapy

German, M., & Ehntholt, K. (2007). Asylum 2 – working with refugee children and families. The Psychologist, 20, 152 – 155.
https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-20/edition-3/asylum-2-working-refugee-children-and-families

Halpern, N. (2016). “Come into my Parlour” said the spider to the fly: Complex trauma and betrayal. Refugee trauma and dissociation: reintegrating lost parts of the being. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors (PDF).
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clin-Ev-Presentation_Naomi-Halpern_30May2016.pdf

Hays, P. A. (2009). Integrating evidence-based practice, cognitive–behaviour therapy, and multicultural therapy: Ten steps for culturally competent practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 40,4, 354-360
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0016250
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2009-11890-008
Isakson, B. L., Legerski, J. P., & Layne, C. M. (2015). Adapting and implementing evidence-based interventions for trauma-exposed refugee youth and families. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 45,4, 245-253.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10879-015-9304-5

Katsounari, J. (2014). Integrating Psychodynamic Treatment and Trauma Focused Intervention in the Case of an Unaccompanied Minor with PTSD. Clinical Case Studies, 13,4, 352-367.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1534650113512021

Miller, K.E. & Rasmussen, A. (2010). War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: Bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks. Social Science & Medicine, 70, 7–16
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19854552
https://www.psychologytoday.com/sites/default/files/War%20Experiences%2C%20Daily%20Stressors%2C%20and%20Mental%20Health.pdf

Murray, K., Davidson, G., & Schwitzer, R. (2010). Review of refugee mental health interventions following resettlement: best practices and recommendations. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 80, 4, 576 – 585.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01062.x/full
https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1111%2Fj.1939-0025.2010.01062.x
Tay, A.K. et al. (2020). An Integrative Adapt Therapy for common mental health symptoms and adaptive stress amongst Rohingya, Chin, and Kachin refugees living in Malaysia: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of PLoS Medicine, 17,3, e1003073.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003073
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003073
https://www.cochranelibrary.com/central/doi/10.1002/central/CN-02101687/full

Narrative Therapy

Amias, D., Hughes, G., & Barratt, S. (2014). Multi-layered systemic and narrative interventions with refugees and asylum seekers in a community child and adolescent mental health service. Journal of therapy consultation and training, 25,1,25-30.
http://repository.tavistockandportman.ac.uk/1337/

Atkinson, J. (2016). Trauma travels but healing happens: when we understand the power of story. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clin-Ev_Transgenerational-Trauma_Prof-Judith-Atkinson_30March2016.pdf

Burns, C. (2015). 'My story to be told': Explorations in narrative documentation with people from refugee backgrounds. International Journal of Narrative Therapy & Community Work,4,26-39.
http://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=718752363263877;res=IELHEA

Crumlish, N., & O’Rourke, K. (2010). A systematic review of treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder among refugees and asylum seekers. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 198, 237 – 251.
http://journals.lww.com/jonmd/Abstract/2010/04000/A_Systematic_Review_of_Treatments_for.1.aspx

German, M. (2013). Developing our cultural strengths: using the ‘Tree of Life’ strength-based, narrative therapy intervention in schools, to enhance self-esteem, cultural understanding and to challenge racism. Educational and Child Psychology, 30, 4, 75 – 99.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287695411_Developing_our_cultural_strengths_Using_the_%27Tree_of_Life%27_strength-based_narrative_therapy_intervention_in_schools_to_enhance_self-esteem_cultural_understanding_and_to_challenge_racism
https://dulwichcentre.com.au/narrative-therapy-research/

Goodman, G. & Dent, V.F. (2019). When I Became a refugee, this became my refuge: a proposal for implementing a two-generation intervention using yoga and narrative to promote mental health in Syrian refugee caregivers and school readiness in their preschool children. Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 18,4, 367-375. DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2019.1680939
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15289168.2019.1680939
Hughes, G. (2014). Finding a voice through ‘The Tree of Life’: A strength-based approach to mental health for refugee children and families in schools. Clinical Child Psychology & Psychiatry, 19,1, 139-153.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104513476719

Hulusi, H. M. & Oland, L. (2010). Using narrative to make sense of transitions: supporting newly arrived children and young people. Journal of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties 15,4, 341-351.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13632752.2010.523247
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13632752.2010.523247

Jannesari, S., Molyneaux, E., & Lawrence, V. (2019). What affects the mental health of people seeking asylum in the UK? a narrative analysis of migration stories.Qualitative Research in Psychology. doi: 10.1080/14780887.2019.1581311
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14780887.2019.1581311
Lee, P. L. (2013). Making now precious: Working with survivors of torture and asylum seekers. The International Journal of Narrative Therapy and Community Work, 1. https://dulwichcentre.com.au/product/making-now-precious-narrative-conversations-with-asylum-seekers-poh-lin-lee/
https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-3208602011/making-now-precious-working-with-survivors-of-torture

Morgan, A. (2000). What is Narrative Therapy? An easy- to- read introduction. Dulwich Centre Publication.
https://dulwichcentre.com.au/what-is-narrative-therapy/

Moore, T. (2017).Strengths-based narrative storytelling as therapeutic intervention for refugees in Greece. World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin,73 ,1,45-51.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14473828.2017.1298557
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14473828.2017.1298557

Naghibi, N. et al. (2020). Migration, exile, and diaspora in Graphic Life Narratives. a/b: Auto/Biography Studies, 35,2, 295-304. DOI: 10.1080/08989575.2020.1738081
https://doi.org/10.1080/08989575.2020.1738081
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08989575.2020.1738081
Pia, E. (2013). Narrative Therapy and Peacebuilding. Journal of Intervention and State building,7, 4, 476-491.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17502977.2012.727538
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17502977.2012.727538

Rees, M., Blackburn, P., Lab, D., & Herlihy, J. (2007). Asylum 5 – working with asylum seekers in a clinical setting. The Psychologist, 20, 162 – 163.
https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-20/edition-3/asylum-5-working-asylum-seekers-clinical-setting

Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Therapy

Alayarian, A. (2004). Counter-transference in working with refugees. Self & Society: An International Journal of Humanistic Psychology,32,5, 42-46.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03060497.2004.11083815

Alessi, E. & Kahn, S. (2017). Using psychodynamic interventions to engage in trauma-informed practice. Journal of Social Work Practice, 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2017.1400959
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02650533.2017.1400959

Costa, B., & Dewaele, J.M. (2012). Psychotherapy across languages: beliefs, attitudes and practices of monolingual and multilingual therapists with their multilingual patients. Language and Psychoanalysis 1, 18-40.
http://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/5275/1/5275.pdf

Eleftheriadou, Z. (1999). Psychotherapeutic work with refugees: Understanding the therapist's countertransference. Journal of Psychodynamic Counselling ,5,2, 219-230.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13533339908402536
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13533339908402536

Gould, D. (2016). Befriending the tiger: Working with dissociative imagery. NSW, Service for the Treatment and Rehabilitation of Torture and Trauma Survivors.
http://www.startts.org.au/media/STARTTS-Clin-Ev-Presentation_Deborah-Gould_30May2016.pdf

Joksimovic, L.& Kruse, J. (2017). Psychodynamic Trauma therapy of refugees with PTSD and somatization. Psychotherapy Psychosomatic Med Psychol, 67, 3-4, 142-151. DOI:
10.1055/s-0042-120270
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28147408

Kaminer, D. & Eagle, T. G. (2017). Interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder: a review of the evidence base. South African Journal of Psychology, 47,1, 7-22.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0081246316646950

Katsounari, J. (2014). Integrating Psychodynamic Treatment and Trauma Focused Intervention in the Case of an Unaccompanied Minor with PTSD. Clinical Case Studies, 13,4, 352-367.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1534650113512021

Leiderman, L.M. (2020). Psychodynamic group therapy with Hispanic migrants: interpersonal, relational constructs in treating complex trauma, dissociation, and enactments. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 70,2, 162-182. DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207284.2019.1686704
Martin, P. (2012). ‘Grief that has no vent in tears, makes other organs weep.’ Seeking refuge from trauma in the medical setting. Journal of Child Psychotherapy. 38,1, 3-21. doi: 10.1080/0075417X.2011.651839
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0075417X.2011.651839
Melzak, S. (2017). Building seven bridges with young asylum seekers living in exile in the UK (Part 1). Psychodynamic Practice, 23,3, 235-248. doi: 10.1080/14753634.2017.1335227
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14753634.2017.1335227
Melzak, S. (2017). Building seven bridges with young asylum seekers living in exile in the UK (Part 2). Psychodynamic Practice, 23,4, 368-381. doi: 10.1080/14753634.2017.1360788
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14753634.2017.1360788
Pepper, C. (2005). Gay men tortured on the basis of homosexuality. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 41,1, 35-54. doi: 10.1080/00107530.2005.10745847
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00107530.2005.10745847
Qushua, N., & Ostler, T. (2018). Creating a safe therapeutic space through naming: psychodynamic work with traditional Arab LGBT clients. Journal of Social Work Practice.
doi.org/10.1080/02650533.2018.1478395
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02650533.2018.1478395
Schottenbauer, M., Glass, C., Arnkoff, D., & Gray, S. (2008). Contributions of Psychodynamic Approaches to Treatment of PTSD and Trauma: A Review of the Empirical Treatment and Psychopathology Literature. Psychiatry, 71, 1,13 – 34.
https://doi.org/10.1521/psyc.2008.71.1.13
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18377203

Varvin, S. (1998). Psychoanalytic psychotherapy with traumatised refugees: integration, symbolisation, and mourning. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 52,1,64-71.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/9553641/

Varvin, S. (2017). Our Relations to Refugees: Between Compassion and Dehumanisation. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 77,4, 359-377.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057%2Fs11231-017-9119-0

Psychosocial Therapy

De Jong, K. (2011). Psychosocial and mental health interventions in areas of massive violence: a community-based approach. Guideline document, second edition. Medecins San Frontieres.
https://www.msf.org/psychosocial-and-mental-health-interventions

Dorsey, S., McLaughlin, K.A., Kerns, S. E., Harrison, J.P., Lambert, H.K., Briggs. E.C., Cox, J.R. & Amaya-Jackson, L. (2017). Evidence Base Update for Psychosocial Treatments for Children and Adolescents Exposed to Traumatic Events. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology,46,3,303.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15374416.2016.1220309

Eloranata, S.J., Peltonen, K., Palosaari, E., Qouta, S.R., & Punamaki, R.L. 2016). The role of attachment and emotion regulation in the psychosocial intervention among war-affected children. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 10, 4, 301-314.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs40653-016-0115-y

Fazel, M. (2018). Psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugee children resettled in high-income countries. Epidemiology and psychiatric Sciences, 27,2,117-123.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796017000695
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29122044
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-psychiatric-sciences/article/psychological-and-psychosocial-interventions-for-refugee-children-resettled-in-highincome-countries/5F556AE4CA31E276B184C929B202A74D

Jordans, M.J.D., Pigott, H. & Tol, W.A. (2016). Interventions for Children Affected by Armed Conflict: A Systematic Review of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Current Psychiatry Reports, 18,9.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11920-015-0648-z

Jordans, M., Tol, W., Komproe. I., & De Jong., J. (2009). Systematic Review of Evidence and Treatment Approaches: Psychosocial and Mental Health Care for Children in War. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 14,1, 2-14.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2008.00515.x/full
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-3588.2008.00515.x/epdf

Kronick, R. (2017). Mental Health of Refugees and Asylum Seekers: assessment and Intervention. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 63,5, 706743717746665.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743717746665
McFarlane C. A., & Kaplan I. (2012). Evidence-based psychological interventions for adult survivors of torture and trauma: A 30-year review. Transcultural Psychiatry, 49, 539–567.
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1363461512447608

Miller, K.E., & Rasmussen, A. (2010). War exposure, daily stressors, and mental health in conflict and post-conflict settings: bridging the divide between trauma-focused and psychosocial frameworks. Social Science & Medicine 70, 7–16.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.09.029
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953609006200?via%3Dihub
Nocon, A., Eberle-Sejari, R., Unterhitzenberger, J. & Rosner, R. (2017). The effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in war-traumatized refugee and internally displaced minors: systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 8,2.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2017.1388709
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/20008198.2017.1388709

Nosè, M., Ballette, F., Bighelli, I., Turrini, G., Purgato, M., Tol, W., Priebe, S.,& Barbui, C. (2017). Psychosocial interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder in refugees and asylum seekers resettled in high-income countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 12,2. e0171030.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171030
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28151992

O’Callaghan, P., McMullen, J., Shannon, C., & Rafety, H. (2015). Comparing a trauma focused and non-trauma focused intervention with war affected Congolese youth: a preliminary randomised trial, Intervention, 13, 1 28 – 44.
http://www.interventionjournal.com/sites/default/files/Comparing_a_trauma_focused_and_non_trauma_focused.5.pdf

Palic, S., & Elklit, A. (2011). Psychosocial treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in adult refugees: A systematic review of prospective treatment outcome studies and a critique. Journal of Affective Disorders, 131, 8–23.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20708804

Psychosocial Innovation Network, PIN. (2017). Refugees’ Mental Health Mental Health Report. UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency & PIN.
http://psychosocialinnovation.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Refugees_Mental_Health_2017_research_report_flight.pdf
https://www.unhcr.org/see/wp-content/uploads/sites/57/2018/11/PIN_Refugees-Mental_Health_research_report_2017.pdf

Psychosocial Innovation Network, PIN. (2017). Challenges and Potentials of Refugee Children: Data Review. UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency & PIN.
http://psychosocialinnovation.net/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Challenges_and_Potentials_of_Refugee_Children_flight.pdf
https://www.unhcr.org/see/wp-content/uploads/sites/57/2018/11/PIN_Challenges-and-Potentials-of-Refugee-Children_2017.pdf

Sambucini, D. et al. (2020). Efficacy of psychological interventions on depression, anxiety and somatisation in migrants: a mental-analysis. Journal of Immigrant Minority Health.22, 1320-1346.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-020-01055-w
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10903-020-01055-w#citeas
Tribe, R., Sendt, K., & Tracy, D. (2017). A systemic review of psychosocial Interventions for adult refugees and asylum seekers. Journal of Mental Health, 9, 1-15.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/28485636/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28485636

Turrini, et al (2019). Efficacy and acceptability of psychosocial interventions in asylum seekers and refugees: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796019000027
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/E74C3894D0E811EAC29B14BE5538D19E/S2045796019000027a.pdf/efficacy_and_acceptability_of_psychosocial_interventions_in_asylum_seekers_and_refugees_systematic_review_and_metaanalysis.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331023536_Efficacy_and_acceptability_of_psychosocial_interventions_in_asylum_seekers_and_refugees_Systematic_review_and_meta-analysis
Uitterhaegen, B. (2005). Psycho-education and psychosocial support in the Netherlands: a program by and for refugees. Intervention, 3,2, 141-147.
http://www.interventionjournal.com/sites/default/files/141_147_Bart.pdf

Weine, S., Danieli, Y., Silove, D., Ommeren, M. Van., Fairbank, J.A., & Saul, J. (2002). Guidelines for International Training in Mental Health and Psychosocial Interventions for Trauma Exposed Populations in Clinical and Community Settings. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 65, 2, 156 – 164.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12108139

Supportive Counselling

A Queensland Program of Assistance to Survivors of Torture and Trauma (QPASTT) Guidebook. Compassion Fatigue, Burnout and Vicarious Trauma, November 2016.
https://qpastt.org.au/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/QPASTT-guide-compassion-fatigue-burnout-and-vicarious-trauma-FINAL.pdf
Barrington, A., & Shakespeare-Finch, J. (2013). Working with refugee survivors of torture and trauma: An opportunity for vicarious post-traumatic growth. Journal of Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 26,1, 89-105.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2012.727553
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09515070.2012.727553

Brice, A. (2011). “If I go back, they'll kill me …” Person-centred therapy with lesbian and gay clients. Person-Centred & Experiential Psychotherapies, 10,4, 248-259.
http://doi.org/10.1080/14779757.2011.626624
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14779757.2011.626624
Century, G., Leavey, G., & Payne, H. (2007). The experience of working with refugees: counsellors in primary care. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 35, 1.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03069880601106765

Cowles, M., & Griggs, M. (2019). Considering boundaries when doing therapeutic work with people who are seeking asylum: a reflective case study. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 47,1, 50-64. doi: 10.1080/03069885.2018.1507535
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03069885.2018.1507535
Di Tomasso, L. (2010). Approaches to counselling resettled refugee and asylum seeker survivors of organised violence. International Journal of Child Youth and Family Studies, 1, 244–264.
https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/view/2086
https://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/ijcyfs/article/view/2086/727

Douglas, A.R. (2010). Working with bereaved asylum seekers and refugees. Bereavement Care, 29, 3, 5 – 9.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02682621.2010.522371
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02682621.2010.522371

Gardiner, J., & Walker, K. (2010). Compassionate listening: managing psychological trauma in refugees. Australian Family Physician, 39, 4, 198 – 203.
http://www.racgp.org.au/download/documents/AFP/2010/April/201004gardiner.pdf

Griffiths, P. (2001). Counselling asylum seekers and refugees: a study of Kurds in early and later stages of exile. European Journal of Psychotherapy, Counselling and Health, 4, 2.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13642530110073275

Mechili, E. A., et al (2018). Compassionate care provision: an immense need during the refugee crisis: lessons learned from a European capacity-building project. Journal of Compassionate Health Care, 5,1, 2.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40639-018-0045-7
https://jcompassionatehc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40639-018-0045-7

Mirdal, G.M., Ryding, E., & Essendrop-Sondej, M. (2012). Traumatized refugees, their therapists, and their interpreters: three perspectives on psychological treatment. Psychology & Psychotherapy,85,4,436-55. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.2011.02036.x.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23080532
Neuner, F., Onyut, P. L., Ertl, V., Odenwald, M., Schauer, E. & Elbert, T. (2008). Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by Trained Lay Counsellors in an African Refugee Settlement: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76,4, 486-694.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18665696

Neuner, F., Schauer, E., Klaschik, C., Karunakara, U. & Elbert, T. (2004). A comparison of narrative exposure therapy, supportive counselling, and psychoeducation for treating posttraumatic stress disorder in an African refugee settlement. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72,4, 579-587.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15301642

Rees, M., Blackburn, P., Lab, D., & Herlihy, J. (2007). Asylum 5 – working with asylum seekers in a clinical setting. The Psychologist, 20, 162 – 163.
https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-20/edition-3/asylum-5-working-asylum-seekers-clinical-setting

Shannon, P., O’Dougherty, M., & Mehta, E. (2012). Refugees’ perspectives on barriers to communication about trauma histories in primary care. Mental Health in Family Medicine, 9,1, 47 – 55.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3487607/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260426371_Shannon_P_O'Dougherty_M_Mehta_E_2012_Refugees'_perspectives_on_barriers_to_communication_about_trauma_histories_in_primary_care_Mental_Health_in_Family_Medicine_9_47-55
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23277798

Warr, S. (2010) Counselling refugee young people: an exploration of therapeutic approaches. Pastoral Care in Education: An International Journal of Personal, Social and Emotional Development 28:4, 269-282. DOI: 10.1080/02643944.2010.481307.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02643944.2010.481307
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02643944.2010.481307

Systemic Family Therapy

Amias, D., Hughes, G., & Barratt, S. (2014). multi-layered systemic and narrative interventions with refugees and asylum seekers in a community child and adolescent mental health service. Journal of Therapy, Consultation & Training, 25,1,25-30.
http://repository.tavistockandportman.ac.uk/1337/

Bala, J., Mooren, T., & Cramer, S. (2014). Cultural Competence in the treatment of political refugees based on system approaches. Clinical Neuropsychiatry,11,1, 32-39.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5f61/9113dbec64d23bd8b8c023c656586edca57a.pdf

Berry, K. et al. (2018). Culturally adapted Family Intervention (CaFI): case examples from therapists’ perspectives. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 11, E13. DOI:10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X18000156
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-cognitive-behaviour-therapist/article/culturally-adapted-family-intervention-cafi-case-examples-from-therapists-perspectives/AD3F5F5D0F344AE7761655EBE729A585
Betancourt, T. S., Abdi, S., Ito, B. S., Lilienthal, G. M., Agalab, N., & Ellis, H. (2015). We left one war and came to another: resource loss, acculturative stress, and caregiver–child relationships in Somali refugee families. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 21,1, 114-125.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0037538
https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-31329-001
Björn, G. J., Gustafsson, P. A., Sydsjö, G., & Berterö, C. (2013). Family therapy sessions with refugee families: a qualitative study. Conflict and Health, 7, 1, 7:7.
https://conflictandhealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-1505-7-7

Björn, G. J., Boden, C., Sydsjö, G., & Gustafsson, P. A., (2013). Brief Family Therapy for Refugee Children. The Family Journal, 21,3,272-278.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480713476830

Burck, C. (2004). Living in two languages: implications for therapy. Journal of Family Therapy, 26, 314 – 339.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2004.00287.x/full

Carranza, M.E. (2012). Cross-border family therapy: an innovative approach to working with Latina refugee women in therapy. Women & Therapy, 35,1-2,57-67.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02703149.2012.634725

Coulter, S. (2010). Systemic family therapy for families who have experienced trauma: A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Social Work, 41, 502–519.
https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcq132
https://academic.oup.com/bjsw/article-abstract/41/3/502/1674563?redirectedFrom=fulltext
https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/systemic-family-therapy-for-families-who-have-experienced-trauma-

Dalgaard N. T. et al. (2020). Interdisciplinary treatment of family violence in traumatized refugee families.
International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care, 16,1, 77-92.
https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMHSC-05-2018-0031
https://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/interdisciplinary-treatment-of-family-violence-in-traumatized-refugee-families/r/a1C6f000007UWJqEAO
https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJMHSC-05-2018-0031/full/html
De Haene, L., Rober, P., Adriaenssens, P., & Verschueren, K. (2012). Voices of Dialogue and Directivity in Family Therapy with Refugees: evolving ideas about dialogical refuge care. Family Process, 51, 391 – 404.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22984976

Figley, C. R., & Figley, K. R. (2009). Stemming the tide of trauma systemically: The role of family therapy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 30,3, 173–183.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1375/anft.30.3.173/abstract
http://ift-malta.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/systemic-work-trauma.pdf

Gentlemen-Byers, J. (1996). Children of the stones: art therapy interventions in the West Bank. Art Therapy, 13,4, 238-243. doi: 10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07421656.1996.10759231
German, M. (2008). Educational psychologists promoting the emotional wellbeing and resilience of refugee parents. Educational and Child Psychology, 25,2, 91 – 103.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329040396_Educational_psychologists_promoting_the_emotional_wellbeing_and_resilience_of_refugee_parents

Goodkind J., LaNoue M., Lee C., Freeland L., & Freund R. (2012). Feasibility, acceptability, and initial findings from a community- based cultural mental health intervention for American Indian youth and their families. Journal of Community Psychology, 40, 381–405.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcop.20517/full

Guregard, S., & Seikkula, J. (2014). Establishing Therapeutic Dialogue with Refugee Families. Contemporary Family Therapy, 36,1, 41-57.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10591-013-9263-5

Isakson, B. L., Legerski, J. P., & Layne, C. M. (2015). Adapting and implementing evidence-based interventions for trauma-exposed refugee youth and families. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 45,4, 245-253.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10879-015-9304-5

Jarkman-Björn, G., Gustafsson, P. A., Sydsjö, G., & Berterö, C. (2013). Family therapy sessions with refugee families: a qualitative study. Conflict and Health, 7, 7.
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Kaplin, D. et al (2019). A review of the use of trauma systems therapy to treat refugee children, adolescents, and families. Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 18,4, 417-431. DOI: 10.1080/15289168.2019.1687220
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Martin, P. (2012). ‘Grief that has no vent in tears, makes other organs weep.’ Seeking refuge from trauma in the medical setting. Journal of Child Psychotherapy. 38,1, 3-21. doi: 10.1080/0075417X.2011.651839
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0075417X.2011.651839
The National Child Traumatic Stress Network, NCTSN. (2016). Trauma Systems Therapy for Refugees, TST-R.
http://www.nctsn.org/sites/default/files/assets/pdfs/tstr_general_090816_final.pdf

Therapeutic Approaches with Refugees & Asylum Seekers