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Setting out citations – the Harvard way

Part 4: Conference papers, theses and papers

Full conference proceedings and individual conference papers

Full conference proceedings

Citation order:

  • Author/editor
  • Year of publication (in round brackets)
  • Title of conference: subtitle (in italics)
  • Location and date of conference
  • Place of publication: publisher
Reference List Example

SCONUL (2000) Seven pillars of wisdom? Good practice in information skills development. University of Warwick, Coventry, 6-7 July. London: SCONUL.
In-text Example

The conference (SCONUL, 2000)...

Individual conference papers

Citation order:

  • Author of paper
  • Year of publication (in round brackets)
  • Title of paper (in single quotation marks)
  • Title of conference: subtitle (in italics)
  • Location and date of conference
  • Place of publication: publisher
  • Page references for the paper
Reference List Example

Town, J.S. (2000) 'Wisdom or welfare? The seven pillars model', Seven pillars of wisdom? Good practice in information skills development. University of Warwick, Coventry, 6-7 July. London: SCONUL, pp. 11-21.
In-text Example

Town (2000) highlighted the following example...

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Theses

Citation order:

  • Author
  • Year of submission (in round brackets)
  • Title of thesis (in italics)
  • Degree statement
  • Degree-awarding body
Reference List Example

Hounsome, I.W. (2001) Factors affecting the design and performance of flexible ducts in trench reinstatements. Unpublished PhD thesis. Napier University.
In-text Example

Research by Hounsome (2001) showed...

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Newspapers

Article with an author

Citation order:

  • Author
  • Year of publication (in round brackets)
  • Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  • Title of newspaper (in italics - capitalise first letter of each word in title, except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  • Edition if required (in round brackets)
  • Day and month
  • Page reference
Referenece List Example

Ward, L. (2004) 'Diploma plan to reward lower and higher abilities', The Guardian, 18 February, p. 4.
In-text Reference

There is cofusion surrounding the qualifications system (Ward, 2004).

Article without an author

Citation order:

  • Title of newspaper (in italics - capitalise first letter of each word in title, except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  • Year of publication (in round brackets)
    Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  • Day and month
  • Page reference

Reference List Example

The Guardian (2004) 'Bloody Sunday still unclear', 23 November, p. 10.
In-text Example
The article (The Guardian, 2008, p.10) reported...

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Multi-Volume Works

Citation order:

  • Author or editor
  • Year of Publication (in round brackets)
  • Title of book (in italics)
  • Volumes (in round brackets)
  • Place of publication: publisher

Reference List Example

Magill, F. N. (ed.) (1995) International encyclopedia of sociology (2 vols). Pasadena: Salem Press.
In-text Example

Magill's (1995) encyclopedia...

Citing a single volume of a multi-volume work - add the title of the relevant volume

Reference List Example

Magill, F. N. (ed.) (1995) International encyclopedia of sociology. Volume 1: Early theorists. Pasadena: Salem Press.
In-text Example

Magill's (1995) encyclopedia...

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